{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:45:52Z","timestamp":1786977952189,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R.G.P.2\/47\/42"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R.G.P.2\/47\/42"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The current study was designed to give complete histo\u2010and immunohistochemical features of the parabronchial epithelium of domestic fowl's (\n                    <jats:italic>Gallus gallus domesticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) lung with special reference to Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mean transmission electron microscope (TEM) features. The lung exhibited variable\u2010sized atrial openings encircled by exchange tissue zones. The parabronchial atrial chambers appeared as ovoid and polygonal\u2010shaped that separated by the well\u2010developed interatrial septum. The deep atrial lumens had blood vessels pierced by openings that represent the infundibula. The parabronchial blood capillaries meshwork was branched and exhibited ovoid\u2010shaped air capillaries with numerous extravasated blood vessels. By TEM, there were several air capillaries and groups of squamous and endothelial respiratory cells and the squamous cells had oval nucleus with evenly distributed chromatin. The endothelial respiratory cells had few microvilli on their free surfaces. The parabronchial tubes opened into a group of widened atria that had smooth muscle bundles at the interatrial septa. The atrial chambers led to narrow infundibula. Moreover, the lining epithelium of parabronchi, atria, infundibula, and air capillaries was formed by simple squamous epithelium. Air capillary walls were lined by two types of respiratory cells (Types\u2010I and II). Collagen fibers were concentrated within the tunica externa layers of the parabronchial blood vessels as well as, they were observed in CT interparabronchial septa. Immunohistochemically, the elastin immunoreactivity was detected around the parabronchial blood vessels, at the base of each parabronchial atria, and in the area encircling the alveolar\u2010capillary walls. Our work concluded that there are a relation between the fowl's lifestyle and the surrounding environmental conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T23:32:48Z","timestamp":1636587168000},"page":"1108-1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["A histological and immunohistochemical study on the parabronchial epithelium of the domestic fowl's (\n                    <i>Gallus gallus domesticus<\/i>\n                    ) lung with special reference to its scanning and transmission electron microscopic characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Ramadan M.","family":"Kandyel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hebat Allah","family":"El Basyouny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman E.","family":"El Nahas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Madkour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine South Valley University  Qena Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seham","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Sadat City  Sadat City Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8646-9253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diaa","family":"Massoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science Jouf University  Sakaka Al\u2010Jouf Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Fayoum University  Fayoum Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kareem","family":"Morsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naglaa","family":"Madkour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3289-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abumandour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(75)90078-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"677","volume-title":"Quantitative\u2010analysis of the exchange tissue of the avian lung (galliformes)","author":"Abdalla M.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(82)90057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23394"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.70729\/IJSER15877","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemistry studies of trachea calcification in the laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus)","volume":"4","author":"Al\u2010badri A. 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