{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:59:26Z","timestamp":1762253966725,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001343","name":"University of Pretoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001343","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020657","name":"Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Sudan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020657","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The testicular excurrent duct system undergoes several physiological and morphological changes during the reproductive stage or breeding season in mammals, birds, and reptiles. Studies on normal age\u2010related histomorphological changes in the excurrent duct system of Japanese quails (<jats:italic>Coturnix japonica<\/jats:italic>) remain unreported, despite the extensive use of this bird as an avian model in research studies. The current study investigated the histological, ultrastructural, and histometric changes in the testicular excurrent duct system of the Japanese quail during three reproductive stages, namely prepubertal, pubertal, and adult. Simple squamous to low cuboidal cells formed the epithelia of the rete testis in prepubertal and pubertal birds, while in adult birds the lining was low cuboidal to cuboidal. In pubertal and adult birds, the nonciliated Type I epithelial cells of the proximal efferent duct displayed a subapical endocytotic apparatus comprising coated pits, coated apical tubules, and endosomes. There was a significant increase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u2009.001) in epithelial heights of all ducts of the excurrent duct system in the mature, sexually active, adult birds when compared to the other age groups. The luminal and tubular diameters, and the cross\u2010sectional areas of efferent ducts and the epididymal duct unit increased significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u2009.001) with age. It is concluded that the morphology and morphometry of the excurrent ducts of the testis of the Japanese quail change as birds mature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T01:10:46Z","timestamp":1636852246000},"page":"1160-1170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ontogeny of the testicular excurrent duct system of male Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica<\/i>): A histological, ultrastructural, and histometric study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0830-2209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed I. A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of West Kordofan  Gebaish Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Musa","family":"Zakariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Maiduguri  Maiduguri Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reneilwe A.","family":"Molele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A. A.","family":"Mahdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine South Valley University  Qena Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June H.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christo J.","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev342"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Histological structure and age\u2010related changes in the luminal diameter of the excurrent duct system of Guinea cocks (Numida meleagris) and associated changes in testosterone concentrations","volume":"82","author":"Abdul\u2010Rahman I. 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