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Modifications in electron microscopy techniques, such as scanning EM and transmission EM, have widened their applicability in the various sectors such as understanding of drug toxicity, development of mechanism, criminal site investigation, and characterization of the nano\u2010molecule. The present review summarizes its role in important aspects such as toxicity assessment and disease diagnosis in special reference to SARS\u2010COV2. In the biological system, EM studies have elucidated the impact of toxicants at the ultra\u2010structural level in various tissue in conformity to physiological alterations. 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