{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T02:12:37Z","timestamp":1789265557111,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Seed morphological properties of 19 taxa belonging to the genus <jats:italic>Alcea<\/jats:italic> L. (Malvaceae) distributed in Turkey were investigated using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope to identify their characters and to evaluate their diagnostic value. The seeds are reniform with a rounded apex and base, reniform in shape, and light to dark brown, grayish\u2010brown, or blackish\u2010brown in color. The seed length ranges from 2.22 to 6.5\u2009mm and seed width from 1.72 to 6.5\u2009mm. The indumentum at the ventral and dorsal regions of the seed differs in density. Three types of seed coat ornamentations were observed: reticulate, reticulate\u2010rugulate, and reticulate\u2010ruminate on the dorsal and lateral faces. Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the important seed morphological characteristics among the taxa studied, with four components accounting for 90.761% of the total variance. Numerical analysis revealed that seed size, color, seed surface patterns on dorsal and lateral sides, indumentum at dorsal and ventral regions, and periclinal surface sculpture of epidermal cells are particularly the most useful variables for discriminating the <jats:italic>Alcea<\/jats:italic> taxa. The findings also showed a partial relationship among the <jats:italic>Alcea<\/jats:italic> taxa clusters, based on seed morphology and the systematics of these taxa, based on general macromorphology. Taxonomic key using the seed features is provided to identify the species studied. The current work will contribute to the knowledge about the family Malvaceae, and microscopic macro\u2010micromorphological analysis can be used for identification by the taxonomists for further studies on this family.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Seed color, indumentum and surface sculpturing have systematic value for separating the taxa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Seed morphology of the <jats:italic>Alcea<\/jats:italic> taxa was studied via light microscope and scanning electron microscope.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Numerical analysis provided the contribution of seed characters to taxa relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T08:59:23Z","timestamp":1688115563000},"page":"1551-1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Taxonomic significance of seed macro\u2010micromorphology of <scp>Turkish <i>Alcea<\/i> L.<\/scp> (<scp>Malvaceae<\/scp>) through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Funda","family":"\u00d6zbek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Gazi University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Erkan","family":"Uzunhisarc\u0131kl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Gazi University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21475\/ajcs.21.15.08.p3360"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"2307","article-title":"Seed morphology and its taxonomic significance in the family Malvaceae","volume":"48","author":"Abid R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Botany"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"218","article-title":"Seed morphological studies of some common plants of Karachi","volume":"21","author":"Ahmed R.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01962312"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"2647","article-title":"The seed atlas of Pakistan\u2010II Grewioideae","volume":"41","author":"Ather A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-1051.1981.tb00704.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Genera Plantarum","author":"Bentham G.","year":"1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Flora orientalis","author":"Boissier E.","year":"1867"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"Atlas of seeds and fruits of central and east\u2010European flora: The Carpathian Mountains region","author":"Boj\u0148ansk\u00fd V.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23526"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11646\/phytotaxa.261.3.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"411","volume-title":"Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands","author":"Cullen J.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis","author":"De Candolle A. 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