{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:34:28Z","timestamp":1760661268205,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were bioreduced from <jats:italic>Ajuga bracteosa<\/jats:italic>, a medicinal herb known for its therapeutic properties against various diseases. Different fractions of the plant extract were used, including the methanolic fraction (ABMF), the n\u2010hexane fraction (ABHF), the chloroform fraction (ABCF), and the aqueous extract for AuNPs synthesis. The characterization of AuNPs was performed using UV\u2013Vis spectrophotometry, FT\u2010IR, XRD, EDX, and TEM. UV\u2013Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of AuNPs, with peaks observed at 555\u2009nm. FT\u2010IR analysis indicated strong capping of phytochemicals on the surface of AuNPs, which was supported by higher total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) in AuNPs. XRD results showed high crystallinity and a smaller size distribution of AuNPs. TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of AuNPs, with an average size of 29\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009nm. The biologically synthesized AuNPs exhibited superior antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities compared to the plant extract fractions. The presence of active biomolecules in <jats:italic>A. bracteosa<\/jats:italic>, such as neoclerodan flavonol glycosides, diterpenoids, phytoecdysone, and iridoid glycosides, contributed to the enhanced biological activities of AuNPs. Overall, this research highlights the potential of <jats:italic>A. bracteosa<\/jats:italic>\u2010derived AuNPs for various biomedical applications due to their remarkable therapeutic properties and effective capping by phytochemicals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This research underscores the growing significance of herbal medicine in contemporary healthcare by exploring the therapeutic potential of <jats:italic>Ajuga bracteosa<\/jats:italic> and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The study highlights the notable efficacy of <jats:italic>A. bracteosa<\/jats:italic> leaf extracts and AuNPs in treating bacterial infections, demonstrating their bactericidal effects on a range of strains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The anti\u2010inflammatory properties of plant extracts and nanoparticles are evidenced through paw edema method suggesting their applicability in managing inflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These findings position <jats:italic>A. bracteosa<\/jats:italic> and AuNPs as potential candidates for alternative and effective approaches to modern medication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T09:11:04Z","timestamp":1713172264000},"page":"1984-1996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Shining insights: Deciphering the biogenic synthesis of <i>Ajuga bracteosa<\/i>\u2010mediated gold nanoparticles with advanced microscopy techniques"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Afshan","family":"Afreen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Mirpur University of Science and 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