{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T20:28:23Z","timestamp":1784233703843,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Coccidiosis poses significant hazards to animals, particularly in terms of compromised health, reduced productivity, and economic losses in livestock farming. The conventional treatments for coccidiosis often involve synthetic drugs, contributing to concerns about drug resistance and environmental impact. The pressing need for eco\u2010friendly alternatives is highlighted in this study, emphasizing the importance of exploring medicinal plants like <jats:italic>Cassia alata<\/jats:italic> leaf extracts (CAE) against Eimeria papillata\u2010induced infection in mice. The CAE exhibited significant phenolic (2.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009g\/100\u2009g) and flavonoid (0.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01\u2009g\/100\u2009g) content and demonstrated notable antioxidant activity. In infected mice, the CAE treatment led to a substantial reduction in oocyst output (~6 fold), ameliorating necrotic enteritis and inflammatory changes in the jejunum. Additionally, CAE treatment increased goblet cell numbers (9.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 \/ villus) and decreased macrophage infiltration in the intestinal villi. Molecular analyses revealed CAE's positive modulation of <jats:italic>MUC2<\/jats:italic> gene and notably reduced the levels of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (specifically <jats:italic>IL\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL\u201010<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IFN\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic>) when contrasted with the infected cohort. Furthermore, CAE treatment significantly reduced nitric oxide levels (44.03\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4\u2009\u03bcmol\/mg), showcasing its anti\u2010inflammatory properties. The findings of this study not only contribute to the understanding of CAE's therapeutic potential but also underscore the importance of seeking eco\u2010friendly alternatives in the face of coccidiosis challenges, addressing both the well\u2010being of animals and the sustainability of agricultural practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:italic>Cassia alata<\/jats:italic> extract (CAE) exhibited significant phenolic and flavonoid content, displaying notable antioxidant activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In infected mice, CAE treatment led to a substantial reduction in oocyst output, ameliorating necrotic enteritis and inflammatory changes in the jejunum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>CAE treatment increased goblet cell numbers and decreased macrophage infiltration in the intestinal villi, while molecular analyses revealed its positive modulation of the MUC2 gene and notable reduction in pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Additionally, CAE treatment significantly reduced nitric oxide levels, showcasing its anti\u2010inflammatory properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T04:12:59Z","timestamp":1717733579000},"page":"2437-2446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>Cassia alata<\/i>'s dual role in modulating <scp>MUC2<\/scp> expression in <i>Eimeria papillata<\/i>\u2010infected jejunum and assessing its anti\u2010inflammatory effects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Rabab E.","family":"Elshershaby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1869-5800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Dkhil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science Helwan University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasser","family":"Dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rewaida","family":"Abdel\u2010Gaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, College of Science King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Delic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine &amp; Clinical Pharmacology Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &amp; Co. KG  Biberach Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim B.","family":"Helal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1139899"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/aoas-2016-0046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1592493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2020.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612019068"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/219670"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2016.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.g418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175475"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"3334","article-title":"Medicinal plants leaf meal supplementation in broiler chicken diet: Effects on performance characteristics, serum metabolite and antioxidant status","volume":"16","author":"Daramola O. T.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animal Research International"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4192-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.s79944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.833520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/439865"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-25383-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas-2014-083"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effect of honeybee flower pollen load","volume":"66","author":"Dudov I. A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"PubMed"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04396"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082529"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706246"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/aoas-2016-0042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11182738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"414","article-title":"The determination of nitrite in water","volume":"86","author":"Montgomery H. A. C.","year":"1961","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2657981"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2020.100160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1237910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2017.121-129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02599"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2003.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2012.708909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069094"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4101-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2021.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-85"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389201017666160819151153"}],"container-title":["Microscopy Research and Technique"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jemt.24628","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T14:25:09Z","timestamp":1760624709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jemt.24628"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jemt.24628"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jemt.24628","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-910X","1097-0029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-910X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}