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Structural alterations were analyzed through histopathology, and the DNA damage rate in peripheral erythrocytes was evaluated by alkaline comet assay. A significant deviation in the gill histoarchitecture was observed compared to the control group. Significant changes, including the curling of secondary lamellae, loss of filaments, necrosis, hyperplasia, hypertrophy of cells of primary filament, and vacuolization, were found in the fish exposed to nominal sub\u2010lethal concentration of lead nitrate. Moreover, the comet assay showed lead nitrate\u2010induced DNA damage, evidenced by the length of the DNA \u201ctail\u201d in the exposed fish. The findings of this study strongly indicated that lead nitrate, even at sub\u2010lethal levels, could significantly alter the overall physiology of the fish. This situation could lead to severe ecological consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,23]],"date-time":"2024-11-23T03:28:01Z","timestamp":1732332481000},"page":"810-817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lead Nitrate (<scp>Pb(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub><\/scp>) Toxicity Effects on <scp>DNA<\/scp> Structure and Histopathological Damage in Gills of Common Carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Ritu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University  Gharuan Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajinder","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Panjab University  Chandigarh 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