{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:30:46Z","timestamp":1760661046428,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traditional medicinal systems have extensively used <jats:italic>Primula macrophylla<\/jats:italic> (Primulaceae) to treat a variety conditions, including bronchitis, asthma, joint pain, fever and so forth. This study determines various pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards helpful to ensure the purity, safety, and efficacy of medicinal plant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. macrophylla<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. In experimental section the Intact aerial parts, powdered materials, and extracts were examined macro\u2010 and microscopically and pharmacognostic standardization parameters were determined in accordance with the guidelines given by the World Health Organization. Parameters including extractive values, ash values, and loss on drying were determined. Preliminary phytochemical tests, fluorescence analysis, and chromatographic profiling were performed for the identification and standardization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. macrophylla<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. The results of macroscopic studies revealed that leaves are farinose, alternating, foliage, toothed and flowers are unbranched, hermaphroditic, large, herbaceous, round, non\u2010woody stem, roots are adventitious. Length of leave is 11\u2009cm, flower 3\u2009cm, stem 38\u2009cm and root 18\u2009cm. Odor is clove or Eucalyptus like, irritating smell and has pungent\/ bitterness. Qualitative analysis confirmed that carbohydrates are not present and saponins, terpenoid, flavonoid, phenolic, phytosterol and fixed oils are not present. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) showed the trace amounts of Pb (1.604\u2009mg\/L), As (\u221212.91\u2009mg\/L), Hg (7.102\u2009mg\/L), and Cd (0.226\u2009mg\/L) present. The internal structure of the plant was examined using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The plant cross\u2010sectional scans revealed several useful botanical properties. LM and SEM revealed important diagnostic features including stomata, phloem, xylem, spiral vessels, and trichomes and so forth. We conclude that the data generated from the present study help to authenticate the medicinally important plant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. macrophylla<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. This study is helpful for establishing the pharmacopeia standards in accordance with WHO guidelines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T04:15:36Z","timestamp":1734149736000},"page":"1087-1101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pharmacognostic Characterization of <i>Primula macrophylla<\/i> by Light Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Analytical Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kinza Muhammad","family":"Din","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad  Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4717-086X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiaz","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad  Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5548-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehak","family":"Sarfraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad  Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rukhba","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad  Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulhakeem S.","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Taif University  Taif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad  Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7439\/ijpr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5530\/ijpi.2020.1.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157340607781024410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2021.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2016.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.Flora.2014.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2933-2.00017-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Bark and Seeds of \n                     Mimusops elengi\n                   L","volume":"2","author":"Gami B.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6462"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"521","article-title":"Phytochemical Screening, Quantitative Analysis of Primary and Secondary Metabolites of Cymbopogan Citratus (DC) Stapf. 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