{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:02:25Z","timestamp":1789844545748,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this experimental study, the Minimally Invasive Configuration (MIC), the Bunnell, Kessler and modified Bunnell\u2013Kessler techniques for tendon rupture repair were compared in terms of the following biomechanical parameters: maximum load, mode of failure, failure elongation, tension\/construct elongation and stiffness (Young's modulus). The scope of comparison involves understanding the properties of each suture technique in hopes of eventually contributing to surgical decision\u2010making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010two frozen ovine specimens were obtained, and transverse tenotomy was performed on each. Eight tendons were randomly allocated to each technique. Specimens were tested performing a unidirectional tensile load to failure using a servo\u2010hydraulic testing device. The tendons were also loaded to failure at a rate of 10\u2009mm\/s. The total length of the construct was defined as the distance from the two clamps. Stiffness was calculated by determining the slope of the force\u2013displacement curve in the linear region. Total failure was defined as a drop of measured force or rupture of the tendon\u2013suture complex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the mode of failure, Tukey's post hoc test showed a statistically significant difference between the Bunnell group and the other three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). For Tension\/construct elongation at 5 and 10\u2009mm, Tukey's post hoc test showed a statistically significant difference between the MIC group and the other three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). At 15\u2009mm Tukey's post hoc test showed a statistically significant difference between the MIC group and the Kessler group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Bunnell suture performed best in terms of mode of failure, while the MIC suture technique outperformed the rest in terms of tension\/construct elongation. Findings show sufficient biomechanical evidence to support the ongoing clinical application of all techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level V.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T08:58:07Z","timestamp":1744880287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biomechanical comparison of tendon repair techniques: Bunnell suture leads in mode of failure and minimally invasive configuration in elongation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4063-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umile Giuseppe","family":"Longo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio\u2010Medico Roma Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Roma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Campi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio\u2010Medico Roma Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Roma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9952-0986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio\u2010Medico Roma Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio\u2010Medico di Roma Roma 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