{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T21:31:45Z","timestamp":1780435905970,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Opioids prescribed to reduce pain and aid in recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) may pose a risk of future substance use disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine if pre\u2010operative anxiety and depression differentiated opioid intake following ACLR. The contribution of sex, age, and graft type to post\u2010operative opioid usage was also explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from 237 participants (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200930.75\u2009\u00b1\u200913.29 years; 57% females; 76% all\u2010soft tissue quadriceps tendon autograft) were analysed. Four\u2010item Anxiety and Depression Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scales were administered on the day of surgery, and opioid intake was assessed post\u2010operatively. Patients were classified into 'anxious' or 'depressed' groups based on their PROMIS scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients took an average of one opioid pill daily. Females with pre\u2010operative anxiety reported significantly greater post\u2010operative opioid intake (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094.40\u2009\u00b1\u20093.98) than females with no anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.90\u2009\u00b1\u20093.97) (\n                      <jats:italic>W<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092199,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03;\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.36). No other significant effects were found (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety, but not depression, was a risk factor for elevated opioid use in females undergoing ACLR. Interestingly, opioid intake between males and females, as well as by age and graft type, were comparable overall, indicating the unique influence of psychological rather than biological or demographic factors on opioid use following ACLR. Clinicians should consider biopsychosocial assessments to support preoperative opioid counselling, particularly in females with anxiety undergoing ACLR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T11:05:14Z","timestamp":1752404714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Preoperative anxiety differentiates post\u2010surgical opioid use in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6070-0322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany L.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Sports 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