{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:02:37Z","timestamp":1789844557212,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether trochlear surface cartilage degeneration of the patellofemoral joint, assessed by second\u2010look arthroscopy after around\u2010knee osteotomy (AKO), affects postoperative patient\u2010reported outcomes and to examine the influence of patient age on this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 331 patients who underwent AKO for varus knee deformity between November 2016 and June 2022. Second\u2010look arthroscopy was performed approximately 1 year postoperatively, and patients were classified according to femoral trochlear cartilage status at second\u2010look arthroscopy. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grades 0\u20132 were defined as nearly normal and ICRS Grades 3\u20134 as abnormal for the purpose of this study. The primary outcomes were the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Lysholm score at 2 years. Overlap weighting based on propensity score was used to adjust for confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 331 patients, 229 were classified as nearly normal and 102 as abnormal. The abnormal group was older (67.15\u2009\u00b1\u20098.27 vs. 64.63\u2009\u00b1\u20099.74 years;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and showed persistently lower KOOS Symptoms at 12 and 24 months. In patients \u226565 years, adjusted 24\u2011month differences favoured the nearly normal group for KOOS Symptoms (\u22126.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u221212.48 to \u22121.19). In younger patients, early KOOS symptom deficits resolved by 24 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trochlear cartilage degeneration observed at second\u2010look arthroscopy after AKO is associated with poorer 2\u2010year outcomes, particularly in older patients. These findings suggest that a favourable trochlear cartilage status at second\u2010look is a meaningful prognostic indicator. Monitoring postoperative cartilage status\u2014especially improvement or stability\u2014may aid in identifying patients likely to achieve better recovery and inform age\u2010specific treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T10:38:10Z","timestamp":1763116690000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trochlear cartilage status at second\u2010look arthroscopy predicts 2\u2010year outcomes after around\u2010knee osteotomy, especially in older patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1201-6176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Preservation and Reconstruction Center, Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9452-671X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0004-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Support Office, Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health the University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7939-5268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuzo","family":"Takazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Preservation and Reconstruction Center, Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3464-0191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Preservation and Reconstruction Center, Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Chiba 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