{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T03:11:06Z","timestamp":1793070666909,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare intraoperative and postoperative posterior tibial slope (PTS) measurements and determine whether unintended postoperative changes occur relative to preoperative values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 79 patients (81 knees) underwent open\u2010wedge high tibial osteotomy (owHTO) using patient\u2010specific instrumentation (PSI) for varus malalignment were included. PTS was assessed pre, intra and postoperatively on short lateral knee radiographs using standardised calibrated software. The hip\u2010knee\u2010ankle angle (HKA) and the medial proximal tibia angle (MPTA) were measured pre and postoperatively on weight\u2010bearing long leg radiographs (LLR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preoperative (10.3\u00b0 [7.3\u221211.7\u00b0]) and intraoperative (9.1\u00b0 [6.7\u201311.2\u00b0]) PTS measurements were significantly lower than postoperative (10.8\u00b0 [8.5\u201313.3\u00b0]) values (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Intraoperative PTS was also significantly lower than the preoperative one (9.1\u00b0 [6.7\u201311.2\u00b0] vs. 10.3\u00b0 [7.3\u221211.7\u00b0]) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Intraoperative PTS underestimated the postoperative PTS by a mean of 1.8\u00b0 (95% CI: \u22122.1\u00b0 to \u2013 1.5\u00b0). Both HKA and MPTA changed significantly postoperatively (\u22127.4\u2009\u00b1\u20093.8\u00b0 vs. 0.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, 84.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8\u00b0 vs. 91.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intraoperative PTS measurements significantly underestimated postoperative PTS, by a mean of 1.8\u00b0, indicating that visual intraoperative assessment based on fluoroscopy should be interpreted with caution when used to evaluate postoperative PTS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:41:27Z","timestamp":1776170487000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intraoperative fluoroscopically assessment underestimates the posterior tibial slope in open\u2010wedge high tibial osteotomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1928-5021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Neopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Sieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Jud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lazaros","family":"Vlachopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandro F.","family":"Fucentese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich Zurich 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