{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:51:19Z","timestamp":1792083079579,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate long\u2010term survival and functional outcomes following medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) using a locking plate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred fifty\u2010four patients underwent MOWHTO for isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis at Martin Luther Hospital, Berlin, Germany. After application of the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 patients were excluded, leaving 126 eligible patients. Of these, two patients had died, and 18 were lost to follow\u2010up. The primary endpoint was survival, defined as the absence of conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Secondary outcomes included patient\u2010reported outcome measures (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS]), pain, satisfaction, sporting activity (Tegner scale) and complications. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis was performed for survival, and potential risk factors for conversion were analysed. The mean follow\u2010up was 13.3 years (range, 10.2\u201318.3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 99 patients were assessed at a mean follow\u2010up of 13.3 years (range, 10.2\u201318.3), comprising 35.4% women and 64.6% men. The mean age was 48.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.3 years at the time of surgery and 61\u2009\u00b1\u20098 years at final follow\u2010up. The cumulative non\u2010conversion rate was 91.9% at 5 years, 85.9% at 10 years and 80.8% at final follow\u2010up (13.3 years). Patients in the conversion group were significantly older (64.89\u2009\u00b1\u20098.0 years) than those in the non\u2010conversion group (60.0\u2009\u00b1\u20097.6 years,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.017). Female sex (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.287), body mass index (BMI,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.404), smoking (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.647), patellofemoral cartilage damage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.254) and lateral cartilage damage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.492) were not significantly associated with conversion. KOOS subscales at follow\u2010up reached or exceeded published Patient Acceptable Symptom State thresholds. Mean pain scores were 1.4 at rest and 2.7 during walking. Overall satisfaction was 76.8%, with significantly higher satisfaction among patients without conversion (83.8%) compared to those with conversion (47.4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). Sports participation decreased significantly, with Tegner scores declining from 4.7 to 3.8, although most patients remained physically active (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). The overall complication rate was 12.1%, with overcorrection being the most common event.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MOWHTO with angular\u2010stable fixation demonstrated high long\u2010term survival, favourable functional outcomes and high patient satisfaction. Patients in the conversion group were significantly older than those in the non\u2010conversion group. These findings suggest that MOWHTO is a safe and effective joint\u2010preserving procedure in appropriately selected patients with varus malalignment and medial compartment osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T15:15:24Z","timestamp":1783437324000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medial open\u2010wedge high tibial osteotomy demonstrates an 85.9% non\u2010conversion rate and 76.8% patient satisfaction at a minimum follow\u2010up of 10 years"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3450-4052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joachim\u2010Artus","family":"Junghans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Martin Luther Hospital Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"H\u00e4ner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Martin Luther Hospital Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Wolfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolf","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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