{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:51:37Z","timestamp":1792083097740,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate short\u2010 to mid\u2010term clinical and radiological outcomes following osteochondral flake refixation with transpatellar, absorbable sutures (parachute technique) combined with concomitant medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction after acute patellar dislocation. It was hypothesized that the parachute technique would yield favourable clinical and functional outcomes and demonstrate good osteochondral integration on radiographic follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case series was conducted, including patients who underwent osteochondral flake refixation using the parachute technique following acute patellar dislocation between January 2012 and November 2023 at a minimum follow\u2010up of 24 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Tegner Activity Scale (TAS), Kujala Score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Radiological outcomes were evaluated using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) 2.0 knee score on 3.0\u2010T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by three independent raters and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 26 identified patients, 20 (77%) were available at final follow\u2010up (mean age 20.8\u2009\u00b1\u20095.3 years; mean follow\u2010up 62.2\u2009\u00b1\u200920.5 months; mean defect size 2.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Clinical outcome scores resulted in a mean VAS of 0.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6, TAS of 6 (interquartile range 4\u20137), Kujala Score of 89.4\u2009\u00b1\u200912.5, IKDC of 86.7\u2009\u00b1\u200914.3 and total KOOS of 87.8\u2009\u00b1\u200914.1. Of all patients, 95% were satisfied with the overall result, and 90% would be willing to undergo the procedure again if necessary. Two patients (10%) required revision surgery (one patella re\u2010dislocation, one failed osteochondral integration). The mean MOCART 2.0 score was 84\u2009\u00b1\u20098 (range: 75\u201395), indicating good to excellent osteochondral integration. Inter\u2010rater reliability across the three raters was almost perfect (ICC\u2009=\u20090.84; 95% confidence interval 0.79\u20130.96).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The parachute technique yields favourable clinical and functional outcomes at short\u2010 to mid\u2010term follow\u2010up and demonstrates good to excellent osteochondral integration on MRI following acute patellar dislocation. The technique represents a reliable, simple and single\u2010stage option for the treatment of retropatellar osteochondral flake fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T12:40:36Z","timestamp":1788957636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Osteochondral flake refixation using the parachute technique yields favourable clinical and radiological outcomes following acute patellar dislocation: A case series at short\u2010 to mid\u2010term follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0342-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romed Peter","family":"Vieider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Orthopaedics TUM University Hospital, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-4860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"Ehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Orthopaedics TUM University Hospital, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2838-6785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svenja","family":"H\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Orthopaedics TUM University Hospital, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich  Munich 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