{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:40:41Z","timestamp":1792024841051,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["USDA NIFA Hatch VT\u2010 H02504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USDA NIFA Hatch VT\u2010 H02504"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study assessed the performance of three bioretention cells during the third and fourth years post establishment with respect to their ability to capture nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in runoff from a dairy farm production area. The effects of two treatments across the three cells were evaluated: a vegetation treatment using switchgrass (<jats:italic>Panicum virgatum<\/jats:italic> L.) and a soil amendment treatment using low\u2010P compost (derived from leaf litter). Cell 1 has neither vegetation nor compost; Cell 2 includes vegetation without compost; Cell 3 includes both vegetation and compost. The system was installed in 2016; performance was monitored in 2018 and 2019, after vegetation was well established. In 2019, bioretention cell hydrology was modified to create an internal storage zone (ISZ) and increase hydraulic retention time (HRT), targeting improved nitrate removal. In 2018, all three cells reduced effluent concentrations of total N by &gt;50% and of both total P and soluble reactive P (SRP) by &gt;90%. Similar trends were found in 2019 with the ISZ, except SRP effluent concentrations were significantly higher compared with 2018, indicating a tradeoff of P leaching associated with increased HRT. Averaging eight monitored storms, median mass removals of all nutrients for Cell 2 (with vegetation and without compost) was &gt;94%. System performance improved during the third and fourth years of operation compared with results of the initial monitoring, highlighting the importance of monitoring once plant and soil media have become established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeq2.20434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T06:09:34Z","timestamp":1668665374000},"page":"149-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a bioretention cell experiment receiving agricultural runoff from a dairy farm production area during third and fourth years of operation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9273-7074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian","family":"Sarazen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rubenstein School of the Environment and Natural Resources Aiken Forestry Lab, Univ. of Vermont  South Burlington VT 05403 USA"},{"name":"Dep. of Plant and Soil Science Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Hurley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Plant and Soil Science Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"},{"name":"Gund Institute for the Environment Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Plant and Soil Science Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"},{"name":"Gund Institute for the Environment Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"},{"name":"Extension Center for Sustainable Agriculture Univ. of Vermont  Burlington VT 05405 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2007.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"American Water Works Associtaion (AWWA)","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ECOLENG.2008.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/1051\u20100761(1998)008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943\u20107870.0000012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2010.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943\u20107870.0001411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ECOLENG.2018.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733\u20109372(2009)135:3(109)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2006.0190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/106143001X138624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/106143005X94376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)HE.1943\u20105584.0000315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943\u20107870.0001144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.1995.021960317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733\u20109437(2008)134:5(598)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1641\/0006\u20103568(2003)0530341:tnc2.0.co;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2007.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es071264p"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2004.0116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.LANDURBPLAN.2014.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943\u20107870.0000504"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733\u20109437(2006)132:6(600)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/JSWBAY.0000821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/106143003X141169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)ee.1943\u20107870.0000026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1084\u20100699(2009)14:4(407)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.WATRES.2015.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es4055302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)ee.1943\u20107870.0001587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2014.01.0017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)0733\u20109437(2008)134:5(613)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389509388476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104\u2010006\u20100032\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ew00511c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.07.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07900627.2010.531898"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)ir.1943\u20104774.0000006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","unstructured":"Pitt R. E. &Maestre A. A.(2005 21\u201326 August).Stormwater characteristics as described in the National Stormwater Quality Database[Paper presentation]. . 10th International Conference on Urban Drainage Copenhagen Denmark."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943\u20107870.0000227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2020.105821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2017.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2020.106036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","volume-title":"Water measurement manual","author":"United States Bureau of Reclamation","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","volume-title":"Estimation of direct runoff from storm rainfall","author":"USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA\u2010NRCS)","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116781"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","unstructured":"VT Department of Environmental Conservation. (2017).2017 Vermont stormwater management manual rule and design guidance. VT Department of Environmental Conservation."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2017.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w10111629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2011.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129294"}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Quality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T16:29:38Z","timestamp":1760632178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jeq2.20434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jeq2.20434","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2425","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2537","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}