{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:37:27Z","timestamp":1792550247123,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phosphorus (P) is an essential element to produce feed and fertilizers but also a nonrenewable resource. Both the predicted exhaustion of phosphatic rocks and the risk of eutrophication lead to an increasing necessity for P recovery methodologies to be applied in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). One of the most promising solutions involves the precipitation of P\u2010based minerals reusable as slow\u2010release fertilizers. In this study, P recovery as struvite and hydroxyapatite from a municipal WWTP digestate liquid fraction (centrate) was investigated at varying pH (8\u201310), reagent typologies (MgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, NaOH, Ca(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and CaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), and concentrations under limiting magnesium doses through liquid\u2010 and solid\u2010phase analyses and thermodynamical modeling. A maximum P recovery of 87.3% was achieved at pH 9 by adding NaOH and MgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> at a dose of 656\u00a0mg\/L (the higher tested). According to these data, it was estimated that 92.0 tons\/year of struvite and 33.2 tons\/year of hydroxyapatite could be recovered from the WWTP centrate with a cost for reagent consumption being almost 50% of the mean P market value. An increase in P precipitation was observed while comparing experiments with the same pH values but with a higher Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> dose. Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> addition led to extensive P precipitation but mainly as amorphous phases that interfere with struvite formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeq2.20446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T15:54:45Z","timestamp":1671292485000},"page":"584-595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Phosphorus recovery as struvite and hydroxyapatite from the liquid fraction of municipal sewage sludge with limited magnesium addition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"de Sario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Attanasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acquedotto Pugliese S.p.A.  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7782-1240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Capua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering University of Basilicata  Potenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Gorgoglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Montevideo, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Instituto de Mec\u00e1nica de los Fluidos e Ingenier\u00eda Ambiental (IMFIA) Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica  Montevideo Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Fratino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria C.","family":"Mascolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Lazio  Cassino Frosinone Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pirozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Building and Environmental Engineering University of Naples Federico II  Napoli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gennaro","family":"Trancone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Building and Environmental Engineering University of Naples Federico II  Napoli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Spasiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2013.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"APHA.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2011.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.GLOENVCHA.2015.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2020.115608"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14238149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.153750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"European Union.(2019).Regulation (EU)2019\/1009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 laying down rules on the making available on the market of EU fertilising products and amending Regulations (EC) No 1069\/2009 and (EC) No 1107\/2009 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2003\/2003.http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2019\/1009\/oj"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7763\/IJESD.2012.V3.284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.7198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ES401140S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.124958"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0043-1354(01)00391-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"Exploration of alternatives for phosphorus recovery from wastewater by crystallisation","author":"Koutsoukos P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Kofina A. 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