{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:23:17Z","timestamp":1787653397124,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Treating poultry litter with alum is a best management practice (BMP) used to reduce ammonia (NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) volatilization and phosphorus (P) runoff and leaching. However, recently we have observed that alum additions to litter have not always reduced soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP). The objectives of this research were (1) to determine why alum additions to litter occasionally fail to reduce SRP and (2) to determine if aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), and\/or iron (Fe) nanoparticles applied alone or in combination with dry acids used for NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    control (alum or sodium bisulfate) would reduce SRP in litter. Five lab studies were conducted. Results showed when litter had previously been treated with sodium bisulfate was treated with alum, it increased SRP, possibly due to the formation of sodium alunite. Applications of sodium bisulfate alone to poultry litter also increased SRP. While the addition of Al and Fe nanoparticles to litter had relatively little effect on SRP when applied alone or in combination with alum or sodium bisulfate, the addition of a calcium silicate based nanoparticle had a synergistic effect on reducing SRP when applied with alum or sodium bisulfate. When TPX was applied with sodium bisulfate at rates of 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5%, the SRP decreased from 3410\u00a0mg P kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    to 1220, 541, and 233\u00a0mg P kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    litter, respectively. However, TPX increased litter pH, which may negatively affect the efficacy of alum and poultry litter treatment on reducing NH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions, indicating more research is needed on this practice to determine if it is a cost\u2010effective BMP for reducing P runoff.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeq2.70231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:04:16Z","timestamp":1785830656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using calcium silicate nanoparticles to reduce phosphorus solubility in poultry litter treated with alum or sodium bisulfate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5162-6095","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Philip A.","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA\u2010ARS, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Plant Science 115 University of Arkansas  Fayetteville Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1999.0470214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1977.03615995004100040013x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1587967"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2017.11.0447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11030257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-6981(87)90154-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agj2.21132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"250293","article-title":"Reducing ammonia emission by aluminum sulfate addition litter and its influence on productive, reproductive, and physiological parameters of dual\u2010purpose breeding hens","volume":"29","author":"Attia Y. 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Jr.(1999b).Methods for decreasing non\u2010point source pollution from poultry manure. U.S. Patent 5 928 403."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","unstructured":"Moore P. A. Jr.(1999c).Use of alum to inhibit ammonia volatilization and to decrease phosphorous solubility in poultry litter. U.S. Patent 5 961 968."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","unstructured":"Moore P. A. Jr.(1999d).High\u2010rise laying hen rearing facility and method. U.S. Patent 5 865 143."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","first-page":"349","volume-title":"Environmental chemistry of animal manure","author":"Moore P. A.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","unstructured":"Moore P. A. Jr.(2016a).Compositions and methods of treating animal manure. U.S. Patent 9 301 440."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2015.09.0483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","unstructured":"Moore P. A. Jr.(2022 April 20).An update on litter amendments and ammonia scrubbers for reducing ammonia emissions and phosphorus runoff from poultry litter. Proceeding Waste to Worth Conference Maumee OH.https:\/\/lpelc.org\/an\u2010update\u2010on\u2010litter\u2010amendments\u2010and\u2010ammonia\u2010scrubbers\u2010for\u2010reducing\u2010ammonia\u2010emissions\u2010and\u2010phosphorus\u2010runoff\u2010from\u2010poultry\u2010litter\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","unstructured":"Moore P. A. Jr.(2024).Composition and method for reducing ammonia and soluble phosphorus in runoff and leaching from animal manure. 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