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We find that casein, the dominant protein in breast milk, enhances the uptake and bioactivity of ingested heart\u2010derived EVs, altering gene expression in blood cells and enhancing muscle function in <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice with muscular dystrophy. Thus, EVs, administered orally, are absorbed and exert disease\u2010modifying bioactivity <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Formulating EVs with casein enhances uptake and markedly expands the range of potential therapeutic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T00:37:13Z","timestamp":1610671033000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Casein\u2010enhanced uptake and disease\u2010modifying bioactivity of ingested extracellular vesicles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Aminzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Smidt Heart Institute  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Fournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Smidt Heart Institute  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akbarshakh","family":"Akhmerov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Smidt Heart Institute  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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