{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T05:31:44Z","timestamp":1788067904146,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeckfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R249\u20102017\u2010763"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R249\u20102017\u2010763"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011958","name":"Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFF\u20106111\u201000521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFF\u20106111\u201000521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011958","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007605","name":"Aarhus Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007605","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Extracellular Vesicle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that immune cells not only communicate with each other through cytokines, chemokines, and cell surface receptors, but also by releasing small membranous structures known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs carry a variety of different molecules that can be taken up by recipient cells. Parasitic worms are well known for their immunomodulatory properties, but whether they can affect immune responses by altering EV\u2010driven communication between host immune cells remains unclear. Here we provide evidence that stimulation of bone marrow\u2010derived macrophages (BMDMs) with soluble products of <jats:italic>Trichuris suis<\/jats:italic> (TSPs), leads to the release of EVs with anti\u2010inflammatory properties. Specifically, we found that EVs from TSP\u2010pulsed BMDMs, but not those from unstimulated BMDMs can suppress TNF\u03b1 and IL\u20106 release in LPS\u2010stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs. However, no polarization toward M1 or M2 was observed in macrophages exposed to EVs. Moreover, EVs enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the exposed BMDMs, which was associated with a deregulated redox homeostasis as revealed by pathway analysis of transcriptomic data. Proteomic analysis identified cytochrome p450 (CYP450) as a potential source of ROS in EVs from TSP\u2010pulsed BMDMs. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of CYP450 activity could suppress ROS production in those BMDMs. In summary, we find that TSPs can modulate immune responses not only via direct interactions but also indirectly by eliciting the release of EVs from BMDMs that exert anti\u2010inflammatory effects on recipient cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T06:10:43Z","timestamp":1629094243000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Parasite worm antigens instruct macrophages to release immunoregulatory extracellular vesicles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7961-0634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin","family":"Zakeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley J.","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Stensballe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clarize","family":"de Korne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden Netherlands"},{"name":"Interventional Molecular Imaging laboratory Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Frederiksberg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Everts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Centre  Leiden Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Nejsum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2012.739093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1596016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3390\/biology8040069","article-title":"The role of lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced extracellular vesicles in cardiac cell death","volume":"8","author":"Bell C\u2019 R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01386-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018001105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20246178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200900840"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"344","article-title":"IL\u20104 suppresses IL\u20101 beta, TNF\u2010alpha and PGE2 production by human peritoneal macrophages","volume":"72","author":"Hart P. 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