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In this study, we showed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the periodontal pathogens <jats:italic>Filifactor alocis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> induced steatosis by inducing PAI\u20101 in the liver and serum of mice fed a low\u2010fat diet. PAI\u20101 induction was not observed in TLR2<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice. When tested using HEK\u2010Blue hTLR2 cells, human TLR2 reporter cells, the TLR2\u2010activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100) was significantly higher than that of serum from healthy subjects (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100). Correlation analysis confirmed that PAI\u20101 levels were positively correlated with the TLR2\u2010activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients and healthy subjects. Amphiphilic molecules in EVs were involved in PAI\u20101 induction. 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