{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:20:36Z","timestamp":1791984036127,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P32577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P32577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009057","name":"Karl-Franzens-Universit\u00e4t Graz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Extracellular Vesicle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a facultative human pathogen and causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera, transits between the human intestinal tract and aquatic reservoirs. Like other bacterial species,\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    continuously releases bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) from its surface, which have been recently characterised for their role during in vivo colonisation. However, between epidemic outbreaks,\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    persists in the biofilm mode for extended periods in aquatic reservoirs, which enhances environmental fitness and host transition. In this study, we investigated the effect of\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    BEVs on biofilm formation, a critical feature for ex vivo survival. In contrast to BEVs from planktonic cultures, our results show that physiological concentrations of BEVs from dynamic biofilm cultures facilitate\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilm formation, which could be linked to a proteinaceous factor. Comparative proteomic analyses of planktonic\u2010 and biofilm\u2010derived BEVs identified a previously uncharacterised outer membrane protein as an abundant component of dynamic biofilm\u2010derived BEVs, which was found to be responsible for the BEV\u2010dependent enhancement of biofilm production. Consequently, this protein was named\n                    <jats:bold>o<\/jats:bold>\n                    uter membrane\u2010associated\n                    <jats:bold>b<\/jats:bold>\n                    iofilm\n                    <jats:bold>f<\/jats:bold>\n                    acilitating protein\n                    <jats:bold>A<\/jats:bold>\n                    (ObfA). Comprehensive molecular studies unravelled ObfA as a negative modulator of HapR activity. HapR is a key transcriptional regulator of the\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    quorum sensing (QS) cascade acting as a potent repressor of biofilm formation and virulence. Consistently,\n                    <jats:italic>obfA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants not only exhibited reduced biofilm production but also reduced colonisation fitness. Surprisingly, our results demonstrate that ObfA does not affect HapR through the canonical QS system but via the Csr\u2010cascade altering the expression of the small regulatory RNAs CsrC and CsrD. In summary, this study elucidates a novel intraspecies BEV\u2010based communication in\n                    <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    that influences biofilm formation and colonisation fitness via a new regulatory pathway involving HapR, Csr\u2010cascade and the BEV\u2010associated protein ObfA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T03:15:18Z","timestamp":1725938118000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The activity of the quorum sensing regulator HapR is modulated by the bacterial extracellular vesicle (BEV)\u2010associated protein ObfA of\n                    <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5843-3831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan P.","family":"Ebenberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Cakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-4085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Pressler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Eberl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7842-0177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Schild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz  Graz Austria"},{"name":"BioTechMed\u2010Graz  Graz Austria"},{"name":"Field of Excellence Biohealth University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1403683111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-017-1433-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.242"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-8-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01525-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00981-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2020.103994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00740-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01042-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18040671.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.5.1574-1578.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.2.3.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30559-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0237386100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooke A. 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