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Arthropod\u2010derived EV research remains relatively fragmented in contrast to the extensively studied mammalian EV field. In this review, we present a comprehensive synthesis of over 100 studies exploring EV biology across arthropods \u2010 including insects, arachnids and crustaceans. Specifically, we summarise the key proteins involved in EV biogenesis and trafficking\u00a0and provide an overview of the diverse biological roles of EVs in arthropod systems. These include (i) roles in developmental, neurobiological and reproductive processes, as well as in ageing, starvation and protein homeostasis; and (ii) involvement in immunity, vector\u2010pathogen\u2010host dynamics and host\u2010parasite interactions. In addition, we provide an overview of current EV isolation methodologies and their application in arthropod studies, as well as explore the emerging biotechnological potential of arthropod\u2010derived EVs. 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