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To address overdiagnosis resulting from the limited specificity of prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) and reduce unnecessary biopsies, this study evaluated the clinical utility and generalizability of EGPS in men undergoing initial biopsy with PSA levels ranging from 0 to 15\u00a0ng\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 645 patients were retrospectively enrolled: 586 from three centres were\u00a0divided into training (70%) and internal validation (30%) cohorts, and 59 from two centres served as the external validation cohort. EVs were isolated using the EXODUS platform, and gene expression was measured by RT\u2010qPCR. Ten machine learning algorithms were evaluated for constructing\u00a0the EGPS model with selected genes. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed by ROC analysis, DeLong tests, and decision curve analysis. An AI diagnostic system using DeepSeek was also developed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>The EGPS model, incorporating AMACR, HOXB13, and PSGR, achieved AUCs of 0.838, 0.825, and 0.811 in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively, outperforming PSA. At a cut\u2010off value of\u00a00.22, the model demonstrated sensitivity above 95%, with a missed diagnosis rate of 3.81% in the training cohort and 0% in the validation cohorts. The model reduced unnecessary biopsies by 79 (23.37%), 27 (18.62%) and 9 (15.25%) cases across the three cohorts, thereby lowering biopsy\u2010related risks. A\u00a0DeepSeek\u2010powered AI diagnostic system integrating EGPS was developed to support csPCa diagnosis and minimize unnecessary biopsies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>EGPS, derived from multicentre Chinese cohorts, enables accurate, DRE\u2010free, non\u2010invasive prediction of csPCa in men with PSA levels of 0\u201315\u00a0ng\/mL. When integrated into an AI system, EGPS supports early screening and personalized clinical decision\u2010making by reducing unnecessary biopsies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:57:24Z","timestamp":1774425444000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multicentre Evaluation of an AI\u2010Assisted Urine Test for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Men Undergoing Initial Biopsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shaoqin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Fujian Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunguang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangcheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Fujian Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou Fujian China"},{"name":"Department of Urology The Second People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Fuzhou Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zebang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Fujian Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feiting","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Huixin Lifetechnologies Co., Ltd.  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