{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T09:59:59Z","timestamp":1785146399039,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001454","name":"American Epilepsy Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001454","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21NS145127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21NS145127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Extracellular Vesicle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent spontaneous seizures. Approximately 30% of patients are unable to achieve adequate seizure control with available medications, highlighting the need to better understand disease mechanisms and develop improved treatments. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a common subtype of treatment\u2010resistant epilepsy. Patients with MTLE often have experienced a prior neurological insult, such as a traumatic brain injury, or status epilepticus (SE), that is believed to contribute to epileptogenic changes that lead to MTLE. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis remain incompletely understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane\u2010bound particles released by cells that are important for intercellular communication. Recent studies identified altered microRNA (miRNA) content in brain\u2010derived EVs (BDEVs) in models of MTLE, but whether BDEV function is altered has not been explored. Using the pilocarpine mouse model of MTLE, we examined the effects of SE on the function and miRNA cargo of hippocampal BDEVs during the epileptogenic period. BDEVs were isolated from hippocampi of control and pilocarpine\u2010treated mice 24 h after SE. To assess functional changes, we compared gene expression in N2a neuronal\u2010like cells and BV2 microglial\u2010like cells exposed to control BDEVs (CON\u2010BDEVs) or BDEVs collected after SE (SE\u2010BDEVs). SE\u2010BDEVs induced distinct transcriptional changes in N2a cells including alterations in the expression of genes related to TGF\u2010\u03b2 signalling, amino acid regulation of mTORC1 and neurotransmitter signalling. In BV2 cells, SE\u2010BDEVs increased the expression of genes associated with inflammatory cytokine release. Analysis of BDEV miRNA content revealed multiple differentially expressed miRNAs between SE\u2010 and CON\u2010BDEVs, with predicted targets overlapping with genes uniquely altered by SE\u2010BDEVs. Notably, SE\u2010induced miRNA changes were still observed 10 days post\u2010SE, indicating sustained modulation of BDEV cargo. These findings identify SE\u2010induced alterations in both the function and miRNA composition of hippocampal BDEVs, suggesting that BDEVs may contribute to epileptogenesis in MTLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T05:17:01Z","timestamp":1781759821000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Status Epilepticus Alters the Function of Brain\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0420-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha L.","family":"Reed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics Emory University  Atlanta Georgia 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