{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:01:05Z","timestamp":1790773265630,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Extracellular Vesicle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Milk\u2010derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising source of molecules with therapeutic potential. Bovine colostrum is particularly enriched in EVs, which carry cargo of proteins involved in immune regulation, development and cellular signalling. Some studies have explored their role as bioactive anti\u2010cancer agents, however, their mechanistic effects remain underexplored. Here, we show that colostrum\u2010derived EVs (Col\u2010EVs) exert anti\u2010proliferative effects in gastrointestinal cancer models, including cell lines and patient\u2010derived organoids, which is independent of apoptosis induction. Using a multi\u2010modal approach combining proteomics, imaging and functional assays, we demonstrate that Col\u2010EVs induce a reversible growth\u2010arrest state, characterized by widespread transcriptional and RNA\u2010processing dysregulation, chromatin compaction, nuclear reorganization and cytoskeletal remodelling. Proteomic analyses reveal that Col\u2010EV treatment disrupts key components of the transcriptional machinery and cell cycle regulatory pathways, effects that are reversible upon EV withdrawal and can be rescued pharmacologically using an EZH2 inhibitor. Col\u2010EVs enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells as well to DNA\u2010targeting chemotherapies such as 5\u2010fluorouracil, indicating their potential as modulatory adjuvants rather than cytotoxic agents. Overall, our findings reveal that Col\u2010EVs can reversibly suppress cancer cell proliferation by reprogramming transcriptional and nuclear architecture, offering a natural, biocompatible strategy for modulating tumour growth and sensitizing cancer cells to conventional therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:07:38Z","timestamp":1788314858000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bovine Colostrum\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles Impair Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Transcriptional Dysregulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Claudia Betsab\u00e9","family":"Huesa\u2010Carballo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology Laboratory (Oncomet) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela  Santiago de Compostela Spain"},{"name":"University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela 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