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Although placental EVs play a crucial role in placental function during pregnancy, their contribution to foetal development, notably foetal brain, remains poorly understood. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common virus transmitted in utero and a leading cause of infectious brain malformations. Although certain central nervous system lesions caused by HCMV are explained, the neuropathogenesis of congenital infection remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that EVs from healthy placentas promote neurogenesis. However, EVs from HCMV\u2010infected placentas lose this neurogenic potential, impairing differentiation and migration of neural stem cells, perturbations that may contribute to the neurodevelopmental defects observed in congenital HCMV infections. miRNA profiling revealed profound infection\u2010induced changes, including the incorporation of viral miRNAs and dysregulation of host miRNAs involved in neurogenesis. 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