{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:17:09Z","timestamp":1791400629599,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,16]],"date-time":"2002-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1018915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We incubated eggs of <jats:italic>Calotes versicolor<\/jats:italic> at four constant temperatures ranging from 24\u00b0C to 33\u00b0C to assess the effects of incubation temperature on hatching success, embryonic use of energy, and hatchling phenotypes that are likely to affect fitness. All viable eggs increased in mass throughout incubation due to absorption of water, and mass gain during incubation was dependent on initial egg mass and incubation temperature. The average duration of incubation at 24\u00b0C, 27\u00b0C, 30\u00b0C, and 33\u00b0C was 82.1 days, 60.5 days, 51.4 days, and 50.3 days, respectively. Incubation temperature affected hatching success, energy expenditure for embryonic development, and several hatchling traits examined, but it did not affect the sex ratio of hatchlings. Hatching success was lowest (3.4%) at 33\u00b0C, but a higher incidence of deformed embryos was recorded from eggs incubated at this temperature compared to eggs incubated at lower temperatures. Most of the deformed embryos died at the last stage of incubation. Energy expenditure for embryonic development was, however, higher in eggs incubated at 33\u00b0C than those similarly incubated at lower temperatures. A prolonged exposure of eggs of <jats:italic>C. versicolor<\/jats:italic> at 33\u00b0C appears to have an adverse and presumably lethal effect on embryonic development. Hatching success at 24\u00b0C was also low (43.3%), but hatchlings incubated at 24\u00b0C did not differ in any of the examined traits from those incubated at two intermediate temperatures (27\u00b0C and 30\u00b0C). Hatchlings incubated at 33\u00b0C were smaller (snout\u2010vent length, SVL) than those incubated at lower incubation temperatures and had larger mass residuals (from the regression on SVL) as well as shorter head length, hindlimb length, tympanum diameter, and eye diameter relative to SVL. Hatchlings from 33\u00b0C had significantly lower scores on the first axis of a principal component analysis representing mainly SVL\u2010free head size (length and width) and fore\u2010 and hindlimb lengths, but they had significantly higher scores on the second axis mainly representing SVL\u2010free wet body mass. Variation in the level of fluctuating asymmetry in eye diameter associated with incubation temperatures was quite high, and it was clearly consistent with the prediction that environmental stress associated with the highest incubation temperatures might produce the highest level of asymmetry. Newly emerged hatchlings exhibited sexual dimorphism in head width, with male hatchlings having larger head width than females. <jats:italic>J. Exp. Zool. 292:649\u2013659, 2002<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.10101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T23:45:33Z","timestamp":1030319133000},"page":"649-659","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Influence of incubation temperature on hatching success, energy expenditure for embryonic development, and size and morphology of hatchlings in the oriental garden lizard, <i>Calotes versicolor<\/i> (Agamidae)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing\u2010Bo","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheong\u2010Hoong","family":"Diong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1447294"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/physzool.68.1.30163919"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/physzool.67.4.30163876"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1447300"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2504(08)60212-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00299303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7882\/AZ.1994.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1995.tb02321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4565(88)90024-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-010X(20000301)286:4<422::AID-JEZ10>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1564223"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00175103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1998.0809"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1565516"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00349191"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/286207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511585739.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Calotes 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