{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:50:35Z","timestamp":1790254235854,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,10]],"date-time":"2001-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":997401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this study was to compare the reproductive physiology of triploid and diploid European sea bass (<jats:italic>Dicentrarchus labrax<\/jats:italic> L.). Gonads of diploid and triploid fish (males and females) were examined both microscopically and macroscopically, together with the plasma levels of the major sex steroids produced (testosterone and estradiol\u201017\u03b2) when fish were adults. Prior to sexual maturation, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of triploid males was similar to that of diploids. However, the GSI in 4\u2010year\u2010old adult triploid males was 1.8 times lower than that of diploids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). All diploid males exhibited normal gonadal development. In contrast, in triploid males spermatogenesis was impaired during late meiosis, affecting severely spermiogenesis. This was achieved by an increasing imbalance in the amount of DNA present in daughter cells of the same type as spermatogenesis progressed, as demonstrated by abnormal cell sizes, culminating in inviable spermatids. Thus, no spermiating triploid fish were observed during 4 years, which included three full consecutive maturation cycles. Furthermore, the germ cells from triploids were significantly larger than those from diploids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Seasonal profiles of plasma levels of testosterone in 4\u2010year\u2010old males were essentially similar in both ploidies. On the other hand, triploid females had rudimentary ovaries containing oogonia and primary oocytes that were arrested during meiotic prophase I, while diploid females exhibited all stages of ovarian development. Diploid females showed levels of testosterone and estradiol\u201017\u03b2 significantly higher than those of triploids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), in which no endocrine signs of maturation were observed at all. Regarding sex ratios, triploids had 10% more females than diploids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) but in both ploidies males predominated, as is usually found in this species under culture conditions. These results show that triploidy blocked the initial phases of meiosis in females and the latter ones in males, resulting in the absence of or reduced gonadal development, respectively. In conclusion, we provide an explanation for the lack of gonadal development in triploid male fish, and, to the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time a case in which induced triploidy completely blocks meiosis in both sexes, thus conferring functional sterility in the sea bass. <jats:italic>J. Exp. Zool. 290:384\u2013395, 2001<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T19:56:46Z","timestamp":1030305406000},"page":"384-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Comparison of the gonadal development and plasma levels of sex steroid hormones in diploid and triploid sea bass, <i>Dicentrarchus labrax<\/i> L."],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"Alicia","family":"Felip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Piferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Zanuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1986)115<841:CEOTLT>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Acuicultura","author":"Barnab\u00e9 G","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"The physiology of triploid salmonids in relation to aquaculture","volume":"1789","author":"Benfey TJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can Tech Rep Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Reproductive Physiology of Fish, Port Arkansas, TX","author":"Benfey TJ","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10641269991319162"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f84-171"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1986)115<838:FCOAIS>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01875483"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(89)90011-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Bl\u00e1zquezM.1996.Estudio del proceso de diferenciaci\u00f3n sexual mediante manipulaci\u00f3n hormonal y ambiental en la lubina (Dicentrarchus labraxL. ). 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