{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T22:53:02Z","timestamp":1757544782327},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]],"date-time":"2005-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5965,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pineal melatonin synthesis is regulated by norepinephrine at \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptors on pinealocytes. Melatonin released from the pineal is believed to be responsible for short photoperiod\u2010induced gonadal regression. By blocking melatonin production at the \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor with \u03b2\u2010adrenergic antagonists, short photoperiod\u2010induced gonadal regression was prevented. Propranolol or nadolol injected daily in the late afternoon prohibited short photoperiod\u2010produced testicular regression in male Syrian hamsters. Likewise, propranolol and nadolol pellets were able to block short photoperiod\u2010induced gonadal regression. Interestingly, in the presence of \u03b2\u2010adrenergic antagonists, gonadal regression was still produced by daily afternoon injections of melatonin. These results indicate that propranolol or nadolol can be used to \u201cpharmacologically pinealectomize\u201d hamsters and block the physiological action of the pineal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402490215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T03:24:32Z","timestamp":1118460272000},"page":"221-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u03b2\u2010Adrenergic blockers prevent short photoperiod\u2010induced gonadal regression, but not melatonin\u2010induced regression in male syrian hamsters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"249","author":[{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Champney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01260.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02640.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Clinical Pharmacology of the \u03b2\u2010Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs","author":"Frishman W. 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