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Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have investigated the invasive activity of mouse trophoblast cells during embryo implantation in vitro by culturing blastocysts with extracellular matrix (ECM) purified from mouse endometrium obtained on day 4 of pregnancy Endometrium was dissected from lyophilized mouse uteri, and intact ECM was isolated by sequential precipitation in nonionic detergent and high salt. Electron microscopic examination of the ECM revealed typical collagen fibers plus an amorphous material resembling basement membrane. Electrophoretic analysis of the ECM revealed an enrichment of high molecular weight proteins, and immunoblotting indicated the presence of fibronectin, laminin, entactin, and type IV collagen, but not the intracellular proteins 2\u2032,3\u2032\u2010cyclic nucleotide\u20103\u2032\u2010phosphodiesterase or vimentin. Mouse blastocysts cultured with this ECM attached to it within 3 days, and the trophoblast cells began to migrate through the matrix in a manner resembling trophoblast invasion in utero. Unlike blastocysts cultured on plastic surfaces, the trophoblast did not flatten and become disorganized, but retained a polarized, spherical structure. Fluorescent microscopy with fluorescein isothiocyanate\u2010labeled phalloidin revealed a high degree of microfilament organization and established that actin was absent from the ECM preparation. In the presence of a serum substitute, differentiation continued through yolk sac formation. Without serum components, yolk sac did not form; however, light and electron microscopic examination indicated that the invasive behavior of trophoblast cells persisted and was comparable to that of trophoblasts cultured in the presence of the serum substitute. A three\u2010dimensional model for investigating trophoblast behavior in ECM from the endometrium should be of great value in elucidating the cellular and molecular events surrounding the process of blastocyst implantation. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402690208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T13:00:47Z","timestamp":1118494847000},"page":"146-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mouse trophoblast cell invasion of extracellular matrix purified from endometrial tissue: A model for peri\u2010implantation development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"269","author":[{"given":"D. Randall","family":"Armant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Kameda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod45.5.664"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(86)90152-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.18.6751"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of mouse glomerular basement membrane","volume":"33","author":"Baelde H. J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. 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