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A previous study revealed that moonlight suppresses the plasma melatonin levels of the goldlined spinefoot (<jats:italic>Siganus guttatus<\/jats:italic>), which exhibits a lunar cycle in its reproductive activity and repeats gonadal development toward and spawning around the first quarter moon. Whether the retina of this species responds to moonlight is unknown. To clarify the photoperceptive ability of this species, we aimed to clone the full\u2010length cDNA of <jats:italic>Aanat1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic>) from the retina and examine its transcriptional pattern under several daylight and moonlight regimes. The full\u2010length <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> cDNA (1,038\u2009bp) contained a reading frame encoding a protein of 225 amino acids, which was highly homologous to AANAT1 of other teleosts. Reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that among the tissues tested, <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> fragments were expressed exclusively in the retina. Real\u2010time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> fluctuated with high abundance at night under light\u2013dark cycle and at subjective night under constant darkness, but not under constant light. These results suggest that <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> is regulated by both the external light signal and internal clock system. The abundance of <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> in the retina was higher at the culmination time around new moon than full moon phase. Additionally, exposing fish to brightness around the full moon period suppressed <jats:italic>sgAanat1<\/jats:italic> mRNA abundance. Thus, moonlight is perceived by fish and has an impact on melatonin fluctuation in the retina. J. Exp. Zool. 319A: 505\u2013516, 2013. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T13:50:15Z","timestamp":1377179415000},"page":"505-516","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Moonlight affects mRNA abundance of arylalkylamine <i>N<\/i>\u2010acetyltransferase in the retina of a lunar\u2010synchronized spawner, the goldlined spinefoot"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"319","author":[{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Kashiwagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Marine Science University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Okinawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Ju","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Biology and Marine Science University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Okinawa Japan"},{"name":"Marine and Environmental Research 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