{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T05:53:05Z","timestamp":1776664385499,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Exp Zool Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study aimed to unravel the possible adverse effects of methomyl on the developing adrenal gland of rat fetuses and pups. Additionally, this study explored the potential improving effects of propolis against these possible hazards induced by methomyl exposure. To achieve that, pregnant rats were divided into four groups: control group, received 1\u2009mL distilled water, propolis group, received 1\u2009mL propolis at a dose of 300\u2009mg\/kg, methomyl group, received 1\u2009mL methomyl at a dose of 2\u2009mg\/kg, and combined group, received 1\u2009mL methomyl followed by 1\u2009mL propolis, an hour later at the same previous doses. The results revealed that methomyl exposure, during pregnancy and lactation, induced many histological and ultrastructural changes, caused DNA damage and downregulated the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and CYP11B2 genes in the adrenal glands of both rat fetuses and pups. Interestingly, propolis supplementation demonstrated a remarkable ability to mitigate these deleterious effects and restored the histology and ultrastructure architecture of the adrenal glands of both fetuses and pups, as well as decreased DNA damage and upregulated the expression of StAR and CYP11B2 genes in the adrenal gland of rat fetuses and pups. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential hazardous impact of methomyl exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the development of the adrenal gland in rat fetuses and pups, moreover, the study presents a new approach to alleviate these effects through propolis administration which could be used as a dietary supplement to mitigate the adverse effects of methomyl exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.2777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T06:54:10Z","timestamp":1703832850000},"page":"242-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of methomyl\u2010induced adrenal gland disruption in rat fetuses and pups: Potential protective effects of propolis supplementation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"341","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1772-3996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa N.","family":"Atallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vertebrates, Comparative Anatomy and Embryology\u2013Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin Elkoom Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamal M.","family":"Badawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vertebrates, Comparative Anatomy and Embryology\u2013Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin Elkoom Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatma S.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vertebrates, Comparative Anatomy and Embryology\u2013Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin Elkoom Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1568-7856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hend T.","family":"El\u2010Borm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vertebrates, Comparative Anatomy and Embryology\u2013Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin Elkoom Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"8236","article-title":"Protective effect of propolis and folic acid on rabbits treated with H2O2 and its effect on the adrenal gland","volume":"25","author":"Al\u2010Ahmed H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of R.S.C.B"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Studies on bee venom and its medical uses","volume":"1","author":"Ali M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal\u00a0of\u00a0Advanced Research\u00a0and\u00a0Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"Bruno G.Bee pollen propolis & royal jelly. 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