{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T16:59:03Z","timestamp":1773766743112,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,29]],"date-time":"2009-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1248825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is a diverse class of enzymes with a broad spectrum of physiological functions. Secretory PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> isoforms have been reported to exhibit important innate immune function in higher vertebrates. This study was conducted to characterize PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> activity in the serum of the American alligator (<jats:italic>Alligator mississippiensis<\/jats:italic>). We used a glycerophospholipid with a fatty acid in the <jats:italic>sn<\/jats:italic>\u20102 position labeled with a fluorescent probe (BODIPY) to detect and quantify alligator serum PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> activity. Incubation of BODIPY\u2010labeled bacteria with different concentrations of alligator serum resulted in a concentration\u2010dependent detection of PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> activity. Kinetic studies showed that product formation was rapid, with substantial activity within 5\u2009min, and maximal activity at approximately 20\u2009min. The alligator PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> activity was temperature\u2010dependent, with activity at lower temperatures (5\u221210\u00b0C) approximately half of that observed at temperatures of 30\u201340\u00b0C. In addition, the generation of fluorescent product was reduced by a specific inhibitor (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010bromophenacyl bromide) of secretory PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in a concentration\u2010dependent manner, enforcing the idea that the observed activities are due to a secretory PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> enzyme in alligator serum. <jats:italic>J. Exp. Zool. 311A: 662\u2013666, 2009<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,29]],"date-time":"2009-07-29T18:04:48Z","timestamp":1248890688000},"page":"662-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Characterization of phospholipase A<sub>2<\/sub> activity in serum of the American alligator (<i>Alligator mississippiensis<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"311A","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Merchant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raphiel","family":"Heard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caleb","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1381.1999.99321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/46.3.479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1643\/0045-8511(2000)000[0657:PRADTO]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1668\/0003-1569(2001)041[0564:CSISAT]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.earth.31.100901.141308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0854.2003.00078.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36794-7","article-title":"Diversity of group types, regulation, and function of phospholipase A2","volume":"269","author":"Dennis EA","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569548209019475"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04328"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"GlassmanB BennettC. 1978.In Energy an Environmental Stress in Aquatic Systems. 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