{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T16:43:50Z","timestamp":1762879430776,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Exp Zool Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Rapidly increasing anthropogenic CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    can impose physiological challenges for fish species that are thought to be tolerant. We tested the hypothesis that elevated pCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    will affect the routine activity and escape response by affecting energy metabolism and\/or the muscle physiology of coastal fish. We exposed threespine stickleback (\n                    <jats:italic>Gasterosteus aculeatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) to pCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    of ~ 700 \u00b5atm (pH 7.9 representing current levels), ~ 1400 \u00b5atm (pH 7.6 representing upwelling events) and ~ 3500 \u00b5atm (pH 7.3 representing a future predicted scenario for coastal areas) for 2 weeks. Baseline activity was significantly higher in fish exposed to 1400 \u00b5atm compared to the control at both sampling points, while the escape response was lower (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Metabolic rate was not different (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05), but lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher at 3500 \u00b5atm compared to control fish after the first week (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while no difference was found in muscle histology between treatments or time points. Our study demonstrates that the baseline activity and escape responses of adult marine coastal fish were temporarily affected by the current level of ocean acidification, but this was not due to changes in metabolism or muscle function, but potentially neuronal effects of high pCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Our study shows that ocean acidification might affect predator\u2010prey interactions during current upwelling events and in the future.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.70034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T07:36:37Z","timestamp":1757921797000},"page":"1219-1230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Simulated Ocean Acidification on the Activity, Escape Response, and Muscle Physiology of Marine Threespine Stickleback (\n                    <i>Gasterosteus aculeatus<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"343","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5557-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwangseok R.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Canada"},{"name":"School of Marine and Environmental Programs University of New England Biddeford USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0018-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elissa","family":"Khodikian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cell &amp; Systems Biology University of Toronto Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary J.","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cell &amp; Systems Biology University of Toronto Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4730-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosima","family":"Porteus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cell &amp; Systems Biology University of Toronto Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"e58520","volume-title":"PLoS ONE","author":"Allan B. J. M.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.2179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-2018-0198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.602601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136610"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.114579"},{"volume-title":"Acid\u2010Base Physiology and CO2 Homeostasis: Regulation and Compensation in Response to Elevated Environmental CO2","year":"2019","author":"Brauner C. J.","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecm.1297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2019.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.12845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2019.105400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2804-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"3587","article-title":"Correlates of Prolonged Swimming Performance in F2 Hybrids of Migratory and Non\u2010migratory Threespine Stickleback Ecotypes","volume":"215","author":"Dalziel A. C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes8100523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coz078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coz102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-015-0940-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2010.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2011.01683.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"Fowler C. J.Effects of Free Carbon Dioxide on the Shoaling Behavior of Bighead Carp (Hypopthalmichthus nobilis).2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2013.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117533"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169670"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.2509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02803360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200810425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.106976"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065825"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.242522"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.754719"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.12843"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.170283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-010814-015614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/cow009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.fp.2019.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-016-3026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/667938"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-13-3571-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2214567120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-006-0436-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.1021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2803-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","first-page":"323","volume-title":"Ecological Effects of Elevated CO2 on Marine and Freshwater Fishes: From Individual to Community Effects. Fish Physiology","author":"Munday P. L.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-012-2111-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pclm.0000258"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12562-016-0974-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1352"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.159491"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2006.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","unstructured":"Pierrot D. J.\u2010M.Epitalon J. C.Orr et al. MS Excel program developed for CO2system calculations \u2013 version 3.0.2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-013-2365-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-018-0224-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.237941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1163156"},{"volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2025","author":"R Core Team","key":"e_1_2_10_60_1"},{"volume-title":"Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting","year":"2011","author":"Riebesell U.","key":"e_1_2_10_61_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.245686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.180257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/cot023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-014-2450-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schunter C. T.Ravasi P. L.Munday et al. Neural Effects of Elevated CO2 in Fish May be Amplified by a Vicious Cycle.S.Cooke.Conservation Physiology2019;7:coz100.","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coz100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arx112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.12851"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-12-5853-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-021-01269-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon G. R. A.Bozai andC. S.Porteus.2024. Could Future Ocean Acidification be Affecting the Energy Budgets Of Marine Fish?Conservation Physiology12:coae069.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/conphys\/coae069.","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coae069"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.196568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2009.00001.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jez.70034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T16:30:17Z","timestamp":1762878617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jez.70034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jez.70034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jez.70034","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2471-5638","2471-5646"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2471-5638"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2471-5646"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}