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The experimental setup encompassed a control group (CG, 30\u00b0C), a low\u2010temperature group (HT, 24\u00b0C), and an ultra\u2010low\u2010temperature group (LT, 18\u00b0C), with sampling conducted at 0, 12, 24, and 36\u2009h, respectively, over a total experimental duration of 36\u2009h. We analyzed digestive enzyme activities in the gastric tissue and intestine, expression of key digestive genes, and gastrointestinal histopathology. Results showed that low\u2010temperature stress significantly altered digestive enzyme activities. During the early stage of acute cold exposure (12\u201324\u2009h), intestinal amylase and trypsin showed enzyme\u2010specific changes, indicating an energy\u2010saving response. With continued exposure over the 36\u2010h experimental period, lipase activity increased substantially in the LT group, suggesting a metabolic shift toward lipid mobilization for energy and membrane fluidity maintenance. Pepsin activity was highest in the HT group and fluctuated in the LT group, reflecting complex gastric microenvironment disruption. Gene expression analysis revealed transcriptional\u2010physiological decoupling. Histopathological findings showed cellular edema, necrosis, and mucous cell hyperplasia in both HT and LT groups, worsening with colder temperatures and longer exposure. By 36\u2009h, the LT group exhibited severe mucosal detachment and glandular structure disruption. In summary, juvenile yellowfin tuna responded to acute cold stress through a biphasic metabolic strategy\u2014initial inhibition followed by compensation\u2014and dynamic gene\u2010enzyme decoupling. While short\u2010term stress activated metabolic plasticity, severe acute cold exposure caused significant gastric tissue damage and digestive dysfunction. These findings provide new insights into thermal adaptation mechanisms and support improved temperature management in aquaculture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T05:04:21Z","timestamp":1778475861000},"page":"632-644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impacts of Acute Hypothermia Stress on Gastrointestinal Digestive Enzyme Function and Pathological Changes in Yellowfin Tuna (\n                    <i>Thunnus albacares<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"345","author":[{"given":"Songyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Sanya China"},{"name":"Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep\u2010sea Aquaculture and Processing Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Sanya China"},{"name":"Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep\u2010sea Aquaculture and Processing Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Sanya China"},{"name":"Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep\u2010sea Aquaculture and Processing Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute Sanya China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.s3-90.12.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"Begg G. 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