{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T11:10:52Z","timestamp":1788779452199,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":189,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Exp Zool Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bats have unique immunological characteristics among vertebrates. Understanding how the immune system responds during the life cycle of bat populations is crucial for grasping how their defenses against infection vary during critical life events. We used the lesser long\u2010nosed bat\n                    <jats:italic>(Leptonycteris yerbabuenae)<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a model to assess adaptive humoral immunity (total immunoglobulin G concentration, tIgG) at different periods during the year involving different ages, reproductive conditions and migratory habits (females migrate seasonally to give birth while males are resident). We also determined the relationship of tIgG with previously published values of plasma bacterial killing ability against\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (BKA). tIgG did not vary among reproductive periods in males and females, although higher values were measured in non\u2010reproductive males in 2019 than in 2020. In contrast, tIgG was lower in young individuals than in non\u2010reproductive and lactating females. The tIgG had a positive relationship with BKA in non\u2010reproductive females, but no relationship was observed in non\u2010reproductive males and reproductive females. These results suggest that tIgG is resilient to physiological and ecological changes experienced by adults throughout their reproductive and migratory cycle. The low tIgG during early life suggests that young individuals have not developed an IgG pool comparable to that of adults. The positive relationship between tIgG and BKA in non\u2010reproductive females suggests that\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    clearance is enhanced by the presence of antibodies that facilitate its elimination.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.70114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T05:58:47Z","timestamp":1783922327000},"page":"832-849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Total Immunoglobulin G Variation Through the Phenological Cycle of Migrant and Resident Lesser Long\u2010Nosed Bats\n                    <i>(Leptonycteris yerbabuenae)<\/i>\n                    in the Drylands of Mexico and Its Relationship With Bacterial Killing\u2010Ability of Plasma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"345","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6797-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Alfonso","family":"Rivera\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior s\/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoac\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7178-8294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Juan","family":"Flores\u2010Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Sistemas de Informaci\u00f3n Geogr\u00e1fica, Departamento de Zoolog\u00eda, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior s\/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoac\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2568-5723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior s\/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoac\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7210-6483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa I.","family":"Falc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ecolog\u00eda Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Unidad M\u00e9rida, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico Uc\u00fa M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2590-5917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Tulio","family":"Solano de la Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior s\/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoac\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4242-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo A.","family":"Medell\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior s\/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoac\u00e1n M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9348-5040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. Gerardo","family":"Herrera M.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Estaci\u00f3n de Biolog\u00eda Chamela, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico San Patricio M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14811"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u2010294X.2010.04910.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Ecoimmunology","author":"Adamo S. A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1394"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allira M. K. E.Dyer B. M.Demory et al.2026. 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