{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:55:14Z","timestamp":1789991714221,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,21]],"date-time":"2003-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to assess the sperm motility, the plasma membrane integrity and the morphology of red deer spermatozoa when maintained within epididymides stored for 4 days at 5\u00b0C, and to evaluate whether such stored spermatozoa are able to withstand a refrigeration process. Thirty pairs of testes, with attached epididymides, were collected from 30 hunter\u2010killed mature stags (<jats:italic>Cervus elaphus hispanicus<\/jats:italic>), and spermatozoa from each one of the pairs were immediately collected in Triladyl\u2122 medium, evaluated and refrigerated (Control Group). The remaining testes and epididymides were gradually cooled to 5\u00b0C and stored for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days (Experimental Groups), after which spermatozoa were processed as described previously for the control group. The effects on spermatozoa that had been stored within epididymides for various times were determined by assaying sperm motility index (SMI), plasma membrane integrity and sperm morphology (SM). In the same way, SMI and SM were assessed after spermatozoa refrigeration at 5\u00b0C for 3 hours in different groups (SMI\u2010R, SM\u2010R). There was no significant decrease in plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa recovered from epididymides stored at 5\u00b0C for 4 days. Similarly, the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa remained unaffected during the first 3 days of storage. In contrast, during storage sperm motility evaluation revealed significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) lower SMI values for samples from epididymides stored 2, 3, and 4 days (47.7\u00b13.6, 45.5\u00b14.4, 44.1\u00b15.2) than that of the control group (57.6\u00b11.6). Similar results were obtained after refrigeration of spermatozoa in Triladyl at 5\u00b0C. These data suggest that it might be possible to recover functional spermatozoa from red deer epididymides stored at 5\u00b0C during several days when epididymal spermatozoa cannot be collected and cryopreserved immediately. <jats:italic>J. Exp. Zool. 295A:188\u2013199, 2003<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2003, Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.a.10194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,23]],"date-time":"2003-01-23T13:56:46Z","timestamp":1043330206000},"page":"188-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Storage of red deer epididymides for four days at 5\u00b0C: Effects on sperm motility, viability, and morphological integrity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"295A","author":[{"given":"Ana J.","family":"Soler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria D.","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010guzm\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Garde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1998.2141"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(93)90056-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1994.1005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402650413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019808994891"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"351","article-title":"Criopreservac\u00edn post\u2010mortem de material esper\u1e3ftico e inseminac\u00edn artificial en el ciervo ib\u0301rico","volume":"47","author":"Garde JJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Zootec"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(95)92372-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1084"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1990.tb01583.x","article-title":"Cryopresevation of mammalian sperm: What we ask them to survive","volume":"11","author":"Hammerstedt RH","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402460310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1274\/jmor.14.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(98)00166-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"336","article-title":"Evaluating epididymal sperm of African wild ruminants: longevity when stored at 4\u00b0C and viability following cryopreservation","volume":"53","author":"Killian I","year":"2000","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1160217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(01)00673-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0170125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0288"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"In vitro fertilization of follicular oocytes by frozen\u2010thawed spermatozoa in Japanese monkeys (Macata fuscata)","volume":"47","author":"Sankai T","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(01)00518-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Guide to personal to computers","author":"SAS, SAS\/STAT","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9930601"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-010X(19980201)280:2<189::AID-JEZ10>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(94)90040-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Cryobanking the genetic resource. 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