{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:45:16Z","timestamp":1791049516834,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,14]],"date-time":"2003-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1045180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Exp. Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In nonmammalian vertebrates, steroids have been hypothesized to induce somatic sex differentiation, since manipulations of the steroidal environment of gonads have led to various degrees of sex reversal. Whereas the critical role of estrogens in ovarian differentiation is well documented, studies on androgens have produced a perplexing variety of results depending upon species variations and nature of androgens used. In this way, testosterone induces masculinization of females in some species but provokes paradoxical feminization of males in many other species such as the urodelan <jats:italic>Pleurodeles waltl<\/jats:italic>. In reptiles this phenomenon could be interpreted by conversion of exogenous testosterone to estradiol by aromatase. Treatments of Pleurodeles larvae with nonaromatizable androgens bring support to this hypothesis and suggest a role of androgens in sex differentiation. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) could not induce the paradoxical feminization of ZZ larvae. In addition, DHT as well as 11\u03b2\u2010hydroxy\u2010androstenedione could drive a functional male differentiation of ZW larvae. Moreover, other 5\u03b1 reduced androgens also induced sex reversal of female larvae. Yet, the 5\u03b1 reductase inhibitor CGP 53133 and antiandrogens such as flutamide or cyproterone acetate did not exert any effect on male sex differentiation of ZZ larvae. Though the precise role of androgens is still unknown, especially for 11\u2010oxygenated androgens, our results suggest an implication in male sex differentiation. In this way, testosterone could play a pivotal role in being metabolized either into other androgens during testis differentiation or into estradiol during ovarian differentiation. <jats:italic>J. Exp. Zool. 296A:46\u201355, 2003<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.a.10240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,18]],"date-time":"2003-02-18T15:13:38Z","timestamp":1045581218000},"page":"46-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of androgens on sex differentiation of the urodele <i>Pleurodeles waltl<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"296A","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Chardard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kuntz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Chesnel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Flament","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-1869-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Environment and sex determination in farmed fish","volume":"130","author":"Baroiller JF","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"BaroillerJF ToguyeniA.1996.Comparative effects of a natural steroid 11\u03b2\u2010hydroxyandrostenedione (11\u03b2\u2010OH\u2010D4) and a synthetic androgen 17\u03b1\u2010methyltestosterone (17\u03b1\u2010MT) on sex ratio inOreochromis niloticus. 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