{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:13:44Z","timestamp":1792192424618,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008205","name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Foot and Ankle Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ankle\u2010foot orthoses (AFOs) are commonly prescribed for people with Charcot\u2010Marie\u2010Tooth disease (CMT) to improve gait efficiency and reduce the occurrence of tripping and falls. The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence on the effects of AFOs on gait kinematics and kinetics and postural stability\/balance in people with CMT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies were identified from electronic databases and screened for inclusion online using Rayyan. Data from all eligible studies were extracted into a standardised Excel spreadsheet. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. Where available, continuous outcomes were pooled to estimate standardised mean differences in random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 15 studies were included with variable methodological quality. Sample sizes ranged from 1 to 32 with significant variability in participant characteristics, AFO designs and testing procedures. Data from eight studies were available for meta\u2010analysis. Although AFOs impacted walking velocity, stride length, step length, cadence, ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, knee and hip flexion and ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion moments, the effect sizes were small\u2010to\u2010moderate and non\u2010significant. There were insufficient data available for pooled analyses of outcomes related to postural stability\/balance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although AFOs positively affect a number of gait and balance parameters, the small participant numbers, variability in participant characteristics, AFO designs and testing procedures adopted by the available studies resulted in the absence of statistically significant effects when data were pooled. The results from this review also highlight the importance of device customisation based on the individual needs of people with CMT and their degree of gait impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T15:39:22Z","timestamp":1726328362000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The effect of ankle\u2010foot orthoses on gait characteristics in people with Charcot\u2010Marie\u2010Tooth disease: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Podiatry Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Frecklington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Podiatry Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Philps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Masterton Foot Clinic  Masterton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9318-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Podiatry Auckland University of Technology  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2008.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060\u2010200108000\u201000006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2023.2208883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children10091529"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008526\u2010200401000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26420\/physmedrehabilint.2021.1183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jpo.0b013e31818addbd"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.07.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31821f7172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082\u2010989X.3.4.486"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356\u2010199606000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023)","author":"Higgins J. 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