{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T17:43:14Z","timestamp":1775238194126,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Foot and Ankle Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Health inequalities are a well\u2010known and widespread phenomenon throughout health care settings. In particular, people of color experience higher rates of delayed and\/or misdiagnosis contributing to poorer outcomes and an increased mortality risk. Research suggests that health care professionals find it more difficult to correctly diagnose dermatological conditions in the non\u2010White patient demographic. Although podiatrists routinely examine and assess skin lesions, there is a paucity of research exploring their accuracy or confidence in recognizing skin pathologies. This study aims to investigate podiatry student's ability, confidence, approaches, and perceptions in diagnosing dermatology pathologies in different skin tones.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A mixed methods exploratory sequential design is proposed. In stage one, podiatry students from different higher education institutions will be invited to complete a pictorial survey. We have designed a survey comprising six validated images of inflammatory skin pathology (either eczema or psoriasis) in three different skin tone categories, standardized using the Fitzpatrick scale. Data from the survey in stage one will then be utilized to inform the next stage of the research. In stage two, respondents who completed the initial survey will be invited to participate in focus groups to explore their perceptions surrounding diagnostic approaches, confidence, and perceptions of skin conditions in different skin tone. A process of thematic analysis will be employed to identify emergent themes from these data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A mixed methods exploratory sequential design is proposed. In stage one, podiatry students from different higher education institutions will be invited to complete a pictorial survey. We have designed a survey comprising six validated images of inflammatory skin pathology (either eczema or psoriasis) in three different skin tone categories, standardized using the Fitzpatrick scale. Data from the survey in stage one will then be utilized to inform the next stage of the research. In stage two, respondents who completed the initial survey will be invited to participate in focus groups to explore their perceptions surrounding diagnostic approaches, confidence, and perceptions of skin conditions in different skin tone. A process of thematic analysis will be employed to identify emergent themes from these data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T09:40:32Z","timestamp":1732959632000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating pre\u2010registration podiatry students approaches to identifying dermatology conditions in different skin tones: A mixed methods protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Otter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health &amp; Rehabilitation Science Health Sciences University  Bournemouth UK"},{"name":"Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Whitham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Melotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices University of Brighton  Brighton UK"},{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaa","family":"Agyare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Gozo\u2010Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faye","family":"Funnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Sykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penny","family":"Dale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport &amp; Health Sciences University of Brighton  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Health Disparities: Gaps in Access, Quality and Affordability of Medical Care","volume":"123","author":"Riley W. 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