{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:21:19Z","timestamp":1791951679865,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Foot and Ankle Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes\u2010related foot disease is a leading cause of global disease burden, however the prevalence and incidence of diabetes\u2010related foot disease in Ireland is poorly understood. Up\u2010to\u2010date population\u2010level estimates of the incidence and prevalence are imperative to support appropriate health service planning. This study examined the prevalence and incidence of diabetes\u2010related foot disease in the Irish population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched Pubmed, EMBASE and Lenus the Irish Health Research repository, for peer\u2010reviewed articles published until August 2025. Publications reporting on prevalence and incidence of peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, foot ulceration or amputation in people with diabetes in Ireland, were eligible for inclusion. The Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool was used to assess included studies methodological quality and establish the degree to which bias was addressed in the study's design and analysis. Results were synthesised descriptively according to study characteristics and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three studies met the inclusion criteria (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0145,945), with varying outcome measurement methods. In community\u2010based diabetes populations, peripheral neuropathy prevalence ranged from 15% to 39% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01055) and peripheral artery disease prevalence ranged from 18% to 34% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0383). For the history of foot ulcers, prevalence was 3.7% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0563) and annual incidence was 2.6% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0383). One national population\u2010based study (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0144,710) reported incidence of amputation increased from 144.2 to 175.7 per 100,000 people with diabetes between 2005 and 2009.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review found there is a paucity of information on prevalence and incidence of diabetes\u2010related foot disease in Ireland. However, these findings suggest that prevalence is similar to, if not lower than, global rates of peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease outcomes and amputation incidence outcomes. High heterogeneity in populations and outcomes highlights the need for robust studies and consensus on diabetes\u2010related foot outcome assessment. Establishing a national diabetes register could strengthen surveillance, identify high\u2010risk groups and inform cost\u2010effective public health planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO (CRD42023472904)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T04:36:47Z","timestamp":1773722207000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence and Incidence of Diabetes\u2010Related Peripheral Neuropathy, Peripheral Artery Disease, Foot Ulcers and Lower Extremity Amputations in Ireland; A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0313-0575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinead","family":"Kavanagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University College Cork  Cork UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Bantry General Hospital  Cork UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1434-6152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Pallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University College Cork  Cork UK"},{"name":"Converge: Centre for Chronic Disease and Population Health Research School of Population Health RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences  Dublin UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4149-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann Sin\u00e9ad","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice School of Medicine University College Cork  Cork UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0003-0774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"M. O'Keeffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University College Cork  Cork UK"},{"name":"MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol  Bristol UK"},{"name":"Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5823-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice School of Medicine University College Cork  Cork UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-7964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter A.","family":"Lazzarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Allied Health Research Collaborative The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3174-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire M.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University College Cork  Cork UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DIABRES.2021.109119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/DMRR.3654"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/DMRR.3747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2007.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2015.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010012\u20102673\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DME.13973"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","article-title":"The Effect of Foot Ulcers on Costs of Care for People With Diabetes in Ireland","volume":"17","author":"Gillespie P.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetic Foot Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3651"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/DME.13653"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12913\u2010023\u201010144\u2010Z\/FIGURES\/2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/PY20235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/ijic.5815"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047\u2010021\u201000447\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2016.1231932"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/DC21\u20101596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","volume-title":"Diabetes Prevalence in Ireland","author":"Diabetes Ireland","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Diabetes Footcare Statistics 2017\u20132021","author":"Diabetes Ireland","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.N71"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"E.AromatarisandZ.Munn JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis(Joanna Briggs Institute."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","article-title":"Prevalence and Incidence of Peripheral Neuropathy, Peripheral Artery Disease, Foot Disease and Lower Extremity Amputation in People With Diabetes in Ireland; 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