{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:48:49Z","timestamp":1782388129178,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Foot and Ankle Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes\u2010related foot ulcers (DFU) are growing in prevalence, driven by the global rise in diabetes. Plantar callus has been identified as a risk factor for DFU formation, with its presence considered highly predictive for ulceration. Preventative strategies, such as debridement and offloading aim to reduce the thickness of localised hard skin formed through repetitive high pressure and shear stress. Although several studies have looked at the quantitative effects of callus and its removal in the neuropathic foot, assessments have relied solely on pressure measurements, neglecting the contribution of shear stress. A lack of in\u2010shoe measurement devices capable of measuring shear, either independently or alongside pressure, limits our understanding of how the foot behaves in the presence of callus or responds as a result of debridement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study investigates the use of the STAMPS3D system to capture cumulative 3D plantar strain data across the foot in the presence of simulated callus in healthy participants. By introducing multi\u2010layer silicone inserts that replicate key mechanical features of callus at the 1\n                      <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                      metatarsal head and heel regions, this study explores plantar strain responses in healthy participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The simulated callus produced subtle redistribution of strain across the foot with distinct local changes at the callus sites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings may inform future approaches to objective callus assessment, guide debridement practices and contribute to DFU prevention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T17:41:32Z","timestamp":1781372492000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Measuring In\u2010Shoe Plantar Strain Outcomes in the Presence of Callus: A Preliminary Study Using the STAMPS3D Measurement System"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0641-9350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Sairally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Design, Robotics and Manufacturing University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Leeds UK"},{"name":"Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi J.","family":"Siddle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Leeds  Leeds UK"},{"name":"Podiatry Department Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Trinca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Brockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering Insigneo Institute University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Culmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Design, Robotics and Manufacturing University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","unstructured":"International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot IWGDF Guidelines. 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