{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:48:47Z","timestamp":1782388127120,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Foot and Ankle Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hallux valgus (HV) is a common foot deformity in older adults, frequently associated with pain and functional impairment. Global prevalence is estimated at 19%, although it varies by continent; consequently, there is a notable knowledge gap concerning its prevalence and severity in older populations of South Africa and Belgium. This study aimed to compare HV prevalence and severity, report on footwear habits within these cohorts, and examine associations with sex, age, and body mass index (BMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This observational cross\u2010sectional study recruited 300 community\u2010dwelling adults aged \u2265\u00a060\u00a0years from Flanders, Belgium (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0145) and the Western Cape, South Africa (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0155). Demographic data, footwear habits, and HV self\u2010assessment scores (using the Manchester scale) were collected via an online questionnaire. Associations between HV and other variables were examined using chi\u2010square tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HV prevalence was 27.6% in the Flemish cohort and 31.6% in the South African cohort. Although South Africans reported more frequent barefootedness, HV prevalence rates remained similar. HV prevalence was significantly higher in females (35.4%) compared to males (17.0%). Furthermore, prevalence and severity increased with age but were inversely associated with BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HV prevalence is similar in older South African and Flemish individuals, despite differing footwear habits, supporting the multifactorial nature of HV formation. These findings emphasize the need for region\u2010specific data and clinical strategies to address HV in older populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jfa2.70173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T03:44:57Z","timestamp":1780458297000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Severity of Self\u2010Assessed Hallux Valgus in Community\u2010Dwelling Older South African and Flemish Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3608-8537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marise Carina","family":"Breet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Movement Biomechanics Department of Movement Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Exercise, Sport, and Lifestyle Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University  Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedicte","family":"Vanwanseele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Movement Biomechanics Department of Movement Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-3846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hylton B.","family":"Menz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Podiatry School of Allied Health Human Services and Sport La Trobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonya M.","family":"Esterhuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Global Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University  Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranel","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise, Sport, and Lifestyle Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University  Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623\u2010199606000\u201000018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102474\u201013\u2010197"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20396"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891\u2010018\u20102100\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600610"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047\u2010016\u20100146\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013726.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047\u2010023\u201000661\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23709"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet\u20102015\u2010103142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24754"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296\u2010017\u20103817\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22391"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19424280.2020.1853826"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102474\u201010\u2010159"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23154"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011423s00397"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5451.1648"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00648"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(66)90304\u20107"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","first-page":"355","article-title":"A Comparison of the Prevalence of Hallux Valgus in Three South African Populations","volume":"57","author":"Gottschalk F. 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