{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:51:15Z","timestamp":1791478275988,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000187","name":"University of British Columbia Graduate School","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Genetic Counseling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical supervision is a cornerstone of genetic counseling education, yet there are no standardized methods for evaluating supervisors across North American programs. The Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling requires that supervisors be evaluated regularly but provides minimal guidance on implementation. This study explored how genetic counseling programs evaluate their clinical supervisors and examined the perceived effectiveness and limitations of these approaches. 16 out of a possible 64 fieldwork directors (FDs) from accredited genetic counseling programs across the United States and Canada completed semi\u2010structured interviews. Participants described their evaluation practices and were asked to share their relevant evaluation tools. Using a constructivist paradigm, we analyzed interview data using inductive content analysis followed by interpretive description. All 16 programs used student evaluations; three used self\u2010assessments; one used peer evaluation; and none used management reviews. The content of the student evaluations as described by FDs addressed aspects of the learning environment including the supervisory relationship, clinical teaching ability, and the clinical site experience. Document analysis indicated broad alignment between the intended purpose of student evaluations and survey content, while also highlighting considerable variability in survey design. Self\u2010assessment and peer evaluation were rarely implemented but were largely considered positive. Challenges to supervisor evaluation included limited resources, relational dynamics within supervision, and concerns about retaliation. While supervisor evaluation is universally practiced, inconsistent implementation and tool design may limit its value for both students and supervisors. These findings demonstrate the need to clarify the specific purpose of student evaluations in order to develop validated tools and ensure alignment between supervisory practice, training, and goals. Improving supervisor evaluation may enhance both the quality of supervision and the learning environment for students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.70280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T05:29:01Z","timestamp":1787549341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Current Practices for Evaluating Clinical Supervisors in North American Genetic Counseling Programs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2696-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sydney","family":"Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4890-9657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasha","family":"Wainstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"BC Children's Hospital Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-3148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan Randall","family":"Armel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Bhalwani Familial Cancer Clinic Princess Margaret Cancer Centre  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1631-332X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenna","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Counselling Program University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6809-5803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracey","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling.2023.Standards of Accreditation for Graduate Programs in Genetic Counseling.https:\/\/www.gceducation.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472\u20106920\u201014\u201044"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","volume-title":"Approved Supervision Designation: Standards Handbook","author":"American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"American Association of Critical\u2010Care Nurses.2026.Preceptor and Clinical Educator Development Course.https:\/\/www.aacn.org\/education\/online\u2010courses\/fundamental\u2010skills\u2010for\u2010preceptors."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02650533.2014.896785"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010020\u201002082\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1548\u2010923X.1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14780887.2024.2382244"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897\u2010018\u20100263\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1485"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2013.778067"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","unstructured":"Center for Credentialing & Education.2026.Approved Clinical Supervisor (ACS) program.https:\/\/www.cce\u2010global.org\/credentialing\/acs."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.profnurs.2023.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200002000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010023\u201004331\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02602938.2020.1724875"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897\u2010012\u20109512\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"The Question of Competence","author":"Eva K. 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