{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:59:15Z","timestamp":1790405955847,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gen and Family Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postnatal care encompasses multiple health and social domains requiring a comprehensive approach. Primary care physicians (PCPs) are well\u2010positioned to provide postnatal care, but research on their practice remains limited. This study aimed to investigate PCPs' practice frequency and attitudes toward postnatal care, and to examine PCP attributes associated with postnatal care provision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional study with an online questionnaire targeting certified PCPs via the Japan Primary Care Association. The questionnaire assessed frequency, perceived importance, and educational experience across 13 postnatal care domains. Practice frequency and perceived importance were examined descriptively on a five\u2010point Likert scale, and the association between PCP attributes and postnatal care provision was analyzed by logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 259 responses (response rate: 17.4%). Practice frequency was highest for follow\u2010up of non\u2010pregnancy\u2010related chronic conditions (79%) and maternal health care maintenance (71%), and lowest for intimate partner violence (25%) and postpartum gynecological examination (20%). Mean perceived importance scores exceeded mean practice frequency scores across all postnatal care domains. Intimate partner violence showed the largest practice\u2010attitude discrepancy. Having received education in one domain was positively associated with practice in that domain. Other factors related to practice included female gender, immunization of infants, physicians' experience with raising children or postnatal health problems, and practicing in a rural area.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were variations in practice frequency and discrepancies between practice frequency and attitudes across postnatal care domains among Japanese PCPs. Addressing medical education as a modifiable factor may help reduce these gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.70158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T04:49:14Z","timestamp":1786078154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postnatal Care Practice and the Facilitating Factors Among Japanese Primary Care Physicians: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Miho","family":"Endo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shizuoka Family Medicine Program Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4628-6350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiichiro","family":"Narumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shizuoka Family Medicine Program Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4581-8274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City University  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"},{"name":"Sagamihara Endowed Chair in Comprehensive Community Medicine Kitasato University School of Medicine  Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine Kitasato University School of Medicine  Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shizuoka Family Medicine Program Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoi","family":"Sugimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Family Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0799-5894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Machiko","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shizuoka Family Medicine Program Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations on Maternal and Newborn Care for a Positive Postnatal Experience","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"WHO Technical Consultation on Postpartum and Postnatal Care","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002633"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"460","article-title":"What Family Physicians Can Do to Reduce Maternal Mortality","volume":"100","author":"Kozhimannil K. 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