{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:48:42Z","timestamp":1790207322314,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intestinal dysmotility is considered a risk factor for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Prokinetics improve intestinal motility and are often prescribed with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and\/or functional dyspepsia. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SIBO and the orocecal transit time (OCTT) in patients taking PPI compared with those taking PPI plus prokinetics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study is a single\u2010center, cross\u2010sectional study. Enrolled patients (with age\u2009&gt;\u200912\u2009years) were divided into two groups: patients taking PPIs for more than 3 months (Group A) and those taking PPIs with prokinetics for more than 3 months (Group B) for various indications. Lactulose breath test (LBT) for OCTT and glucose breath test (GBT) for SIBO were conducted for all patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 147 enrolled patients, SIBO was documented in 13.2% patients in Group A <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 1.8% in Group B, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.018. Median OCTT in Group A was 130 (105\u2013160) min compared with 120 (92.5\u2013147.5) min in Group B (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.010). Median OCTT among SIBO\u2010positive patients was 160 (140\u2013172.5) min compared with SIBO\u2010negative patients, where it was 120 (103.75\u2013150) min (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). The duration and type of PPI used were not associated with the occurrence of SIBO in our study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of prokinetics in patients on PPI may reduce the risk of SIBO by enhancing intestinal motility and may reduce SIBO risk associated with long\u2010term PPI use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]],"date-time":"2018-04-03T01:29:54Z","timestamp":1522718994000},"page":"47-53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Risk of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients receiving proton pump inhibitors <i>versus<\/i> proton pump inhibitors plus prokinetics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Pruthvi C","family":"Revaiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Kochhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surinder V","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munish","family":"Ashat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendra","family":"Dhaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Rami Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8088-9935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saroj K","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200847010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-255X(00)80032-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2001.0191"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"112","article-title":"Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a comprehensive review","volume":"3","author":"Dukowicz AC","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. 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