{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:12:05Z","timestamp":1790971925857,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mechanism underlying carcinogenesis and the genomic features of superficial non\u2010ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we examined the genomic features of incipient SNADETs, such as small lesions resected via endoscopic treatment, using next\u2010generation sequencing (NGS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic treatment for SNADETs of less than 20\u2009mm between January and December 2017 were enrolled. Targeted genomic sequencing was performed through NGS using a panel of 160 cancer\u2010related genes. Furthermore, the alteration\/mutation frequencies in SNADETs were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The maximum size of the SNADETs examined in this study was 12\u2009mm in diameter. Five SNADETs were classified as low\u2010grade dysplasia (LGD) tumors, while 14 SNADETs were classified as high\u2010grade dysplasia tumors. Only one carcinoma in situ was detected. NGS data for 16 samples were obtained. APC alterations were detected in 81% of samples (13\/16). KRAS, BRAF, and TP53 alterations were detected in 25% (4\/16), 18.8% (3\/16), and 6.3% (1\/16) of cases, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We detected <jats:italic>APC<\/jats:italic> alterations in most small SNADETs resected via endoscopic treatment, from LGD to carcinoma samples. Even in SNADETs classified as small LGD exhibited <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic> alterations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T16:15:38Z","timestamp":1628007338000},"page":"1071-1077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genomic profiling of intestinal\/mixed\u2010type superficial non\u2010ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6990-8920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuichi","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hakodate Municipal Hospital  Hakodate Japan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0098-9106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goki","family":"Suda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marin","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Nimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Matsuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Hokkaido University Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics Development Mitsubishi Space Software Co., Ltd.  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