{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:08:13Z","timestamp":1784956093672,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H03562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008886","name":"Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008886","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bacterial infection is involved in the progression of many gastrointestinal diseases, including those of pancreas; however, how and which bacteria colonize in pancreatic juice and tissue have yet to be elucidated. Recently, we reported that\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      exists in the pancreatic juice and tissues of patients with chronic pancreatic disease. Here, we investigated the survival of\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in duodenal juice with different pH conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pancreatic juice samples from 62 patients with cancers of the duodeno\u2010pancreato\u2010biliary region were evaluated for the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction and 16S\u2010based metagenome analyses were performed to determine the bacterial composition. The survival of\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in various pancreatic juice conditions was evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 62 samples, 27% (17\/62) were positive for\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., among which 71% (12\/17) contained\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. showed the highest fitness for survival in alkaline pancreatic juice among various bacterial species. The microbiome of pancreatic juice from patients with pancreatic and bile duct cancer showed diversity, but\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were enriched among duodenal tumors and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alkalinity is one of the important factors for the selective survival of\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      among microbiota.\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      can colonize the pancreatic duct when the pancreatic juice condition is altered.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T05:05:03Z","timestamp":1641359103000},"page":"85-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>Enterococcus<\/i>\n                    spp. have higher fitness for survival, in a\n                    <scp>pH<\/scp>\n                    \u2010dependent manner, in pancreatic juice among duodenal bacterial flora"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Saki","family":"Itoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emika","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation Osaka University Graduate 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