{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T03:30:45Z","timestamp":1785036645298,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3400700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3400700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFC1315804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC1315804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is recently introduced to better highlight the pathogenic significance of cardiometabolic dysfunction, as compared with non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between low thyroid function and MASLD in the new context.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 2901 participants for our retrospective cohort study from 2016 to 2021. Participants were divided into strict\u2010normal thyroid function and low thyroid function groups (low\u2010normal thyroid function, subclinical hypothyroidism) based on initial thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, respectively. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a median follow\u2010up of 15.6\u2009months, 165 (8.9%) strict\u2010normal thyroid function subjects and 141 (13.4%) low thyroid function subjects developed MASLD; this result was statistically relevant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Univariate regression analysis showed that low thyroid function and subclinical hypothyroidism were statistically significantly associated with MASLD (low thyroid function: HR1.53; 95% CI 1.22\u20131.92; subclinical hypothyroidism: HR1.95; 95% CI 1.47\u20132.60).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MASLD is associated with low thyroid function and the relationship between MASLD and low thyroid function is independent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.13038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T11:55:04Z","timestamp":1708689304000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Low thyroid function is associated with metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Lifecycle Health Management Center, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2826-5564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenqiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences  Taizhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruilin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5274-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Suo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences  Taizhou China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiejun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences  Taizhou China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","article-title":"Longitudinal outcomes associated with metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease. A meta analysis of 129 studies","volume":"23","author":"Chan KE","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14355"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hypothyroidism: what you need to know","volume":"14","author":"Bikeyeva V","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60276-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"789","article-title":"NAFLD renaming to MAFLD, MASLD: background, similarities, differences, and countermeasures","volume":"31","author":"Fan JG","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"584","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a cluster of Iranian population: thyroid status and metabolic risk factors","volume":"16","author":"Eshraghian A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. 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