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This study examined the association of NAFLD and MASLD with dietary characteristics according to obesity status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a cross\u2010sectional study of 15\u2009135 participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097568 men and 7567 women) aged 35\u201374\u2009years using data of annual health checks between 2008 and 2020. Obesity was defined as BMI\u2009\u2265\u200925\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Diagnosis of fatty liver was based on abdominal ultrasonography. Fatty\u2010liver\u2010related dietary characteristics were assessed using a self\u2010administered questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For non\u2010obese participants, NAFLD was found in 31.0% of men and 19.4% of women. Non\u2010obese MASLD was found in 27.6% of men and 18.1% of women. Multivariable\u2010adjusted stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that, in males, both non\u2010obese NAFLD and non\u2010obese MASLD were significantly and negatively associated with \u201coften eat sesame\/nuts\u201d, and positively associated with \u201coften eat noodles\/rice bowl\u201d and \u201coften eat evening meal\u201d (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). For non\u2010obese women, both NAFLD and MASLD were significantly and positively associated with \u201coften eat sweet buns\/bread with fillings\u201d (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Adjusted analyses showed that all dietary characteristics were not significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD\/MASLD in obese men and women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study indicates the existence of sex and obesity differences in the association of NAFLD and MASLD with dietary characteristics. Our findings suggest that some dietary characteristics are associated with NAFLD and MASLD prevalence in non\u2010obese Japanese participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.13082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T06:04:40Z","timestamp":1716357880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dietary characteristics associated with the risk of non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease in non\u2010obese Japanese participants: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7999-8456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumika","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takatomo","family":"Shima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00165-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9330","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i28.9330","article-title":"Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: biochemical, metabolic and clinical presentations","volume":"20","author":"Milic S","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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